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Trevor J. Williams

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
DepartmentSDM-Craniofacial Biology
Phone303/724-4571

    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    R01DE032740     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Apr 1, 2023 - Jan 31, 2028
    NIH
    In utero rescue of cleft lip and palate in a humanized mouse model
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R21HD099546     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Apr 1, 2020 - Mar 31, 2022
    NIH
    Cellular and Molecular Analysis of Body Wall Closure
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01EY025789     (WEST-MAYS, JUDITH A)Sep 30, 2015 - Apr 30, 2024
    NIH
    Investigation of regulatory cascades governing development of the outflow structures of the eye
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    R01HD081562     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Sep 20, 2014 - Jun 30, 2019
    NIH
    Phenotyping Embryonic Lethal Knockout mice with neural crest and neural defects
    Role: Principal Investigator
    U01DE024429     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Jul 3, 2014 - Apr 30, 2019
    NIH
    RNA dynamics in the developing mouse face
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01AR062547     (CORNELL, ROBERT AARON)Sep 25, 2013 - Jul 31, 2024
    NIH
    Regulation of the Melanocyte Lineage by the AP2 Transcription Factor Family
    Role: Co-Principal Investigator
    R01HD060882     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Jul 17, 2009 - Jun 30, 2012
    NIH
    Role of Ectodermal Signals in Limb Bud Outgrowth and Development
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01DE019843     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Jul 1, 2009 - Jun 30, 2015
    NIH
    Role of Ectodermal Signals in Facial Prominence Outgrowth and Development
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R21DE018005     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Sep 1, 2007 - Aug 31, 2010
    NIH
    FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS OF GENES INVOLVED IN VERTEBRATE CRANIOFACIAL DEVELOPMENT
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01DE012728     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Aug 1, 1998 - Mar 31, 2015
    NIH
    The Role of AP-2 in Craniofacial Development
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01CA077833     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)May 1, 1998 - Feb 29, 2004
    NIH
    TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR AP-2 IN MAMMARY GLAND DEVELOPMENT
    Role: Principal Investigator
    R01GM046770     (WILLIAMS, TREVOR J)Feb 1, 1992 - Nov 30, 1997
    NIH
    TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR REGULATION DURING DEVELOPMENT
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Nguyen TT, Mitchell JM, Kiel MD, Kenny CP, Li H, Jones KL, Cornell RA, Williams TJ, Nichols JT, Van Otterloo E. TFAP2 paralogs regulate midfacial development in part through a conserved ALX genetic pathway. Development. 2024 Jan 01; 151(1). PMID: 38063857.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Devine J, Vidal-Garc?a M, Liu W, Neves A, Lo Vercio LD, Green RM, Richbourg HA, Marchini M, Unger CM, Nickle AC, Radford B, Young NM, Gonzalez PN, Schuler RE, Bugacov A, Rolian C, Percival CJ, Williams T, Niswander L, Calof AL, Lander AD, Visel A, Jirik FR, Cheverud JM, Klein OD, Birnbaum RY, Merrill AE, Ackermann RR, Graf D, Hemberger M, Dean W, Forkert ND, Murray SA, Westerberg H, Marcucio RS, Hallgr?msson B. Author Correction: MusMorph, a database of standardized mouse morphology data for morphometric meta-analyses. Sci Data. 2023 Jun 28; 10(1):420. PMID: 37380661.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Devine J, Vidal-Garc?a M, Liu W, Neves A, Lo Vercio LD, Green RM, Richbourg HA, Marchini M, Unger CM, Nickle AC, Radford B, Young NM, Gonzalez PN, Schuler RE, Bugacov A, Rolian C, Percival CJ, Williams T, Niswander L, Calof AL, Lander AD, Visel A, Jirik FR, Cheverud JM, Klein OD, Birnbaum RY, Merrill AE, Ackermann RR, Graf D, Hemberger M, Dean W, Forkert ND, Murray SA, Westerberg H, Marcucio RS, Hallgr?msson B. MusMorph, a database of standardized mouse morphology data for morphometric meta-analyses. Sci Data. 2022 05 25; 9(1):230. PMID: 35614082.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Van Otterloo E, Milanda I, Pike H, Thompson JA, Li H, Jones KL, Williams T. AP-2a and AP-2? cooperatively function in the craniofacial surface ectoderm to regulate chromatin and gene expression dynamics during facial development. Elife. 2022 03 25; 11. PMID: 35333176.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Taiyab A, Akula M, Dham J, Deschamps P, Sheardown H, Williams T, Borr?s T, West-Mays JA. Deletion of transcription factor AP-2? from the developing murine trabecular meshwork region leads to progressive glaucomatous changes. J Neurosci Res. 2022 02; 100(2):638-652. PMID: 34822722.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Walker H, Taiyab A, Deschamps P, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Conditional Deletion of AP-2? in the Periocular Mesenchyme of Mice Alters Corneal Epithelial Cell Fate and Stratification. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Aug 13; 22(16). PMID: 34445433.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Taiyab A, Saraco A, Akula M, Deschamps P, Ball AK, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Progressive Loss of Retinal Ganglion Cells in Activating Protein-2? Neural Crest Cell Knockout Mice. Curr Eye Res. 2021 10; 46(10):1509-1515. PMID: 33689532.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Woodruff ED, Gutierrez GC, Van Otterloo E, Williams T, Cohn MJ. Anomalous incisor morphology indicates tissue-specific roles for Tfap2a and Tfap2b in tooth development. Dev Biol. 2021 04; 472:67-74. PMID: 33460639.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Gu VW, Cho E, Thompson DT, Cassady VC, Borcherding N, Koch KE, Wu VT, Lorenzen AW, van der Heide DM, White JR, Kulak MV, Williams T, Zhang W, Weigel RJ. AP-2? Is Required for Maintenance of Multipotent Mammary Stem Cells. Stem Cell Reports. 2021 01 12; 16(1):106-119. PMID: 33382976.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Hooper JE, Jones KL, Smith FJ, Williams T, Li H. An Alternative Splicing Program for Mouse Craniofacial Development. Front Physiol. 2020; 11:1099. PMID: 33013468.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Akula M, Taiyab A, Deschamps P, Yee S, Ball AK, Williams T, West-Mays JA. AP-2? is required for formation of the murine trabecular meshwork and Schlemm's canal. Exp Eye Res. 2020 06; 195:108042. PMID: 32353428.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Li H, Jones KL, Hooper JE, Williams T. The molecular anatomy of mammalian upper lip and primary palate fusion at single cell resolution. Development. 2019 06 17; 146(12). PMID: 31118233.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Fr?b F, Sock E, Tamm ER, Saur AL, Hillg?rtner S, Williams TJ, Fujii T, Fukunaga R, Wegner M. Ep400 deficiency in Schwann cells causes persistent expression of early developmental regulators and peripheral neuropathy. Nat Commun. 2019 05 29; 10(1):2361. PMID: 31142747.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Kousa YA, Zhu H, Fakhouri WD, Lei Y, Kinoshita A, Roushangar RR, Patel NK, Agopian AJ, Yang W, Leslie EJ, Busch TD, Mansour TA, Li X, Smith AL, Li EB, Sharma DB, Williams TJ, Chai Y, Amendt BA, Liao EC, Mitchell LE, Bassuk AG, Gregory S, Ashley-Koch A, Shaw GM, Finnell RH, Schutte BC. The TFAP2A-IRF6-GRHL3 genetic pathway is conserved in neurulation. Hum Mol Genet. 2019 05 15; 28(10):1726-1737. PMID: 30689861.
      View in: PubMed
    15. Schmidt L, Taiyab A, Melvin VS, Jones KL, Williams T. Increased FGF8 signaling promotes chondrogenic rather than osteogenic development in the embryonic skull. Dis Model Mech. 2018 06 15; 11(6). PMID: 29752281.
      View in: PubMed
    16. Hicks EA, Zaveri M, Deschamps PA, Noseworthy MD, Ball A, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Conditional Deletion of AP-2a and AP-2? in the Developing Murine Retina Leads to Altered Amacrine Cell Mosaics and Disrupted Visual Function. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2018 05 01; 59(6):2229-2239. PMID: 29715367.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Losa M, Risolino M, Li B, Hart J, Quintana L, Grishina I, Yang H, Choi IF, Lewicki P, Khan S, Aho R, Feenstra J, Vincent CT, Brown AMC, Ferretti E, Williams T, Selleri L. Face morphogenesis is promoted by Pbx-dependent EMT via regulation of Snail1 during frontonasal prominence fusion. Development. 2018 03 01; 145(5). PMID: 29437830.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Van Otterloo E, Li H, Jones KL, Williams T. AP-2a and AP-2? cooperatively orchestrate homeobox gene expression during branchial arch patterning. Development. 2018 01 25; 145(2). PMID: 29229773.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Green RM, Fish JL, Young NM, Smith FJ, Roberts B, Dolan K, Choi I, Leach CL, Gordon P, Cheverud JM, Roseman CC, Williams TJ, Marcucio RS, Hallgr?msson B. Developmental nonlinearity drives phenotypic robustness. Nat Commun. 2017 12 06; 8(1):1970. PMID: 29213092.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Leach SM, Feng W, Williams T. Gene expression profile data for mouse facial development. Data Brief. 2017 Aug; 13:242-247. PMID: 28856179.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Hooper JE, Feng W, Li H, Leach SM, Phang T, Siska C, Jones KL, Spritz RA, Hunter LE, Williams T. Systems biology of facial development: contributions of ectoderm and mesenchyme. Dev Biol. 2017 06 01; 426(1):97-114. PMID: 28363736.
      View in: PubMed
    22. Schock EN, Struve JN, Chang CF, Williams TJ, Snedeker J, Attia AC, Stottmann RW, Brugmann SA. A tissue-specific role for intraflagellar transport genes during craniofacial development. PLoS One. 2017; 12(3):e0174206. PMID: 28346501.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Seberg HE, Van Otterloo E, Loftus SK, Liu H, Bonde G, Sompallae R, Gildea DE, Santana JF, Manak JR, Pavan WJ, Williams T, Cornell RA. TFAP2 paralogs regulate melanocyte differentiation in parallel with MITF. PLoS Genet. 2017 03; 13(3):e1006636. PMID: 28249010.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Cole JB, Manyama M, Kimwaga E, Mathayo J, Larson JR, Liberton DK, Lukowiak K, Ferrara TM, Riccardi SL, Li M, Mio W, Prochazkova M, Williams T, Li H, Jones KL, Klein OD, Santorico SA, Hallgrimsson B, Spritz RA. Genomewide Association Study of African Children Identifies Association of SCHIP1 and PDE8A with Facial Size and Shape. PLoS Genet. 2016 08; 12(8):e1006174. PMID: 27560698.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Zhang L, Ferreyros M, Feng W, Hupe M, Crumrine DA, Chen J, Elias PM, Holleran WM, Niswander L, Hohl D, Williams T, Torchia EC, Roop DR. Defects in Stratum Corneum Desquamation Are the Predominant Effect of Impaired ABCA12 Function in a Novel Mouse Model of Harlequin Ichthyosis. PLoS One. 2016; 11(8):e0161465. PMID: 27551807.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Martino VB, Sabljic T, Deschamps P, Green RM, Akula M, Peacock E, Ball A, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Conditional deletion of AP-2? in mouse cranial neural crest results in anterior segment dysgenesis and early-onset glaucoma. Dis Model Mech. 2016 08 01; 9(8):849-61. PMID: 27483349.
      View in: PubMed
    27. Chen L, Martino V, Dombkowski A, Williams T, West-Mays J, Gage PJ. AP-2? Is a Downstream Effector of PITX2 Required to Specify Endothelium and Establish Angiogenic Privilege During Corneal Development. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016 Mar; 57(3):1072-81. PMID: 26968737.
      View in: PubMed
    28. Van Otterloo E, Williams T, Artinger KB. The old and new face of craniofacial research: How animal models inform human craniofacial genetic and clinical data. Dev Biol. 2016 07 15; 415(2):171-187. PMID: 26808208.
      View in: PubMed
    29. Van Otterloo E, Feng W, Jones KL, Hynes NE, Clouthier DE, Niswander L, Williams T. MEMO1 drives cranial endochondral ossification and palatogenesis. Dev Biol. 2016 07 15; 415(2):278-295. PMID: 26746790.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Green RM, Feng W, Phang T, Fish JL, Li H, Spritz RA, Marcucio RS, Hooper J, Jamniczky H, Hallgr?msson B, Williams T. Tfap2a-dependent changes in mouse facial morphology result in clefting that can be ameliorated by a reduction in Fgf8 gene dosage. Dis Model Mech. 2015 Jan; 8(1):31-43. PMID: 25381013.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Kerr CL, Zaveri MA, Robinson ML, Williams T, West-Mays JA. AP-2a is required after lens vesicle formation to maintain lens integrity. Dev Dyn. 2014 Oct; 243(10):1298-309. PMID: 24753151.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Kurosaka H, Iulianella A, Williams T, Trainor PA. Disrupting hedgehog and WNT signaling interactions promotes cleft lip pathogenesis. J Clin Invest. 2014 Apr; 124(4):1660-71. PMID: 24590292.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Wang J, Bai Y, Li H, Greene SB, Klysik E, Yu W, Schwartz RJ, Williams TJ, Martin JF. MicroRNA-17-92, a direct Ap-2a transcriptional target, modulates T-box factor activity in orofacial clefting. PLoS Genet. 2013; 9(9):e1003785. PMID: 24068957.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Feng W, Choi I, Clouthier DE, Niswander L, Williams T. The Ptch1(DL) mouse: a new model to study lambdoid craniosynostosis and basal cell nevus syndrome-associated skeletal defects. Genesis. 2013 Oct; 51(10):677-89. PMID: 23897749.
      View in: PubMed
    35. Melvin VS, Feng W, Hernandez-Lagunas L, Artinger KB, Williams T. A morpholino-based screen to identify novel genes involved in craniofacial morphogenesis. Dev Dyn. 2013 Jul; 242(7):817-31. PMID: 23559552.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Li H, Williams T. Separation of mouse embryonic facial ectoderm and mesenchyme. J Vis Exp. 2013 Apr 12; (74). PMID: 23603693.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Li H, Sheridan R, Williams T. Analysis of TFAP2A mutations in Branchio-Oculo-Facial Syndrome indicates functional complexity within the AP-2a DNA-binding domain. Hum Mol Genet. 2013 Aug 15; 22(16):3195-206. PMID: 23578821.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Dennis JF, Kurosaka H, Iulianella A, Pace J, Thomas N, Beckham S, Williams T, Trainor PA. Mutations in Hedgehog acyltransferase (Hhat) perturb Hedgehog signaling, resulting in severe acrania-holoprosencephaly-agnathia craniofacial defects. PLoS Genet. 2012; 8(10):e1002927. PMID: 23055936.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Tavares AL, Garcia EL, Kuhn K, Woods CM, Williams T, Clouthier DE. Ectodermal-derived Endothelin1 is required for patterning the distal and intermediate domains of the mouse mandibular arch. Dev Biol. 2012 Nov 01; 371(1):47-56. PMID: 22902530.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Kerr CL, Huang J, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Activation of the hedgehog signaling pathway in the developing lens stimulates ectopic FoxE3 expression and disruption in fiber cell differentiation. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Jun 05; 53(7):3316-30. PMID: 22491411.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Bassett EA, Korol A, Deschamps PA, Buettner R, Wallace VA, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Overlapping expression patterns and redundant roles for AP-2 transcription factors in the developing mammalian retina. Dev Dyn. 2012 Apr; 241(4):814-29. PMID: 22411557.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Ferretti E, Li B, Zewdu R, Wells V, Hebert JM, Karner C, Anderson MJ, Williams T, Dixon J, Dixon MJ, Depew MJ, Selleri L. A conserved Pbx-Wnt-p63-Irf6 regulatory module controls face morphogenesis by promoting epithelial apoptosis. Dev Cell. 2011 Oct 18; 21(4):627-41. PMID: 21982646.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Johnson CW, Hernandez-Lagunas L, Feng W, Melvin VS, Williams T, Artinger KB. Vgll2a is required for neural crest cell survival during zebrafish craniofacial development. Dev Biol. 2011 Sep 01; 357(1):269-81. PMID: 21741961.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Forni PE, Taylor-Burds C, Melvin VS, Williams T, Williams T, Wray S. Neural crest and ectodermal cells intermix in the nasal placode to give rise to GnRH-1 neurons, sensory neurons, and olfactory ensheathing cells. J Neurosci. 2011 May 04; 31(18):6915-27. PMID: 21543621.
      View in: PubMed
    45. Schmidt M, Huber L, Majdazari A, Sch?tz G, Williams T, Rohrer H. The transcription factors AP-2? and AP-2a are required for survival of sympathetic progenitors and differentiated sympathetic neurons. Dev Biol. 2011 Jul 01; 355(1):89-100. PMID: 21539825.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Harlow DE, Yang H, Williams T, Barlow LA. Epibranchial placode-derived neurons produce BDNF required for early sensory neuron development. Dev Dyn. 2011 Feb; 240(2):309-23. PMID: 21246648.
      View in: PubMed
    47. Reid BS, Yang H, Melvin VS, Taketo MM, Williams T. Ectodermal Wnt/?-catenin signaling shapes the mouse face. Dev Biol. 2011 Jan 15; 349(2):261-9. PMID: 21087601.
      View in: PubMed
    48. Reid BS, Sargent TD, Williams T. Generation and characterization of a novel neural crest marker allele, Inka1-LacZ, reveals a role for Inka1 in mouse neural tube closure. Dev Dyn. 2010 Apr; 239(4):1188-96. PMID: 20175189.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Bassett EA, Williams T, Zacharias AL, Gage PJ, Fuhrmann S, West-Mays JA. AP-2alpha knockout mice exhibit optic cup patterning defects and failure of optic stalk morphogenesis. Hum Mol Genet. 2010 May 01; 19(9):1791-804. PMID: 20150232.
      View in: PubMed
    50. Feng W, Leach SM, Tipney H, Phang T, Geraci M, Spritz RA, Hunter LE, Williams T. Spatial and temporal analysis of gene expression during growth and fusion of the mouse facial prominences. PLoS One. 2009 Dec 16; 4(12):e8066. PMID: 20016822.
      View in: PubMed
    51. Feng W, Simoes-de-Souza F, Finger TE, Restrepo D, Williams T. Disorganized olfactory bulb lamination in mice deficient for transcription factor AP-2epsilon. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2009 Nov; 42(3):161-71. PMID: 19580868.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Leach SM, Tipney H, Feng W, Baumgartner WA, Kasliwal P, Schuyler RP, Williams T, Spritz RA, Hunter L. Biomedical discovery acceleration, with applications to craniofacial development. PLoS Comput Biol. 2009 Mar; 5(3):e1000215. PMID: 19325874.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Tipney HJ, Leach SM, Feng W, Spritz R, Williams T, Hunter L. Leveraging existing biological knowledge in the identification of candidate genes for facial dysmorphology. BMC Bioinformatics. 2009 Feb 05; 10 Suppl 2:S12. PMID: 19208187.
      View in: PubMed
    54. Wang X, Pasolli HA, Williams T, Fuchs E. AP-2 factors act in concert with Notch to orchestrate terminal differentiation in skin epidermis. J Cell Biol. 2008 Oct 06; 183(1):37-48. PMID: 18824566.
      View in: PubMed
    55. Williams T. Animal models of ventral body wall closure defects: a personal perspective on gastroschisis. Am J Med Genet C Semin Med Genet. 2008 Aug 15; 148C(3):186-91. PMID: 18655100.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Pontoriero GF, Deschamps P, Ashery-Padan R, Wong R, Yang Y, Zavadil J, Cvekl A, Sullivan S, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Cell autonomous roles for AP-2alpha in lens vesicle separation and maintenance of the lens epithelial cell phenotype. Dev Dyn. 2008 Mar; 237(3):602-17. PMID: 18224708.
      View in: PubMed
    57. Guttormsen J, Koster MI, Stevens JR, Roop DR, Williams T, Winger QA. Disruption of epidermal specific gene expression and delayed skin development in AP-2 gamma mutant mice. Dev Biol. 2008 May 01; 317(1):187-95. PMID: 18353300.
      View in: PubMed
    58. Feng W, Huang J, Zhang J, Williams T. Identification and analysis of a conserved Tcfap2a intronic enhancer element required for expression in facial and limb bud mesenchyme. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Jan; 28(1):315-25. PMID: 17984226.
      View in: PubMed
    59. Bassett EA, Pontoriero GF, Feng W, Marquardt T, Fini ME, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Conditional deletion of activating protein 2alpha (AP-2alpha) in the developing retina demonstrates non-cell-autonomous roles for AP-2alpha in optic cup development. Mol Cell Biol. 2007 Nov; 27(21):7497-510. PMID: 17724084.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Makhani LF, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Genetic analysis indicates that transcription factors AP-2alpha and Pax6 cooperate in the normal patterning and morphogenesis of the lens. Mol Vis. 2007 Jul 19; 13:1215-25. PMID: 17679940.
      View in: PubMed
    61. Winger Q, Huang J, Auman HJ, Lewandoski M, Williams T. Analysis of transcription factor AP-2 expression and function during mouse preimplantation development. Biol Reprod. 2006 Sep; 75(3):324-33. PMID: 16672719.
      View in: PubMed
    62. Donner AL, Williams T. Frontal nasal prominence expression driven by Tcfap2a relies on a conserved binding site for STAT proteins. Dev Dyn. 2006 May; 235(5):1358-70. PMID: 16502414.
      View in: PubMed
    63. Wang X, Bolotin D, Chu DH, Polak L, Williams T, Fuchs E. AP-2alpha: a regulator of EGF receptor signaling and proliferation in skin epidermis. J Cell Biol. 2006 Jan 30; 172(3):409-21. PMID: 16449191.
      View in: PubMed
    64. Koster MI, Kim S, Huang J, Williams T, Roop DR. TAp63alpha induces AP-2gamma as an early event in epidermal morphogenesis. Dev Biol. 2006 Jan 01; 289(1):253-61. PMID: 16324689.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Li C, Xu X, Nelson DK, Williams T, Kuehn MR, Deng CX. FGFR1 function at the earliest stages of mouse limb development plays an indispensable role in subsequent autopod morphogenesis. Development. 2005 Nov; 132(21):4755-64. PMID: 16207751.
      View in: PubMed
    66. Dwivedi DJ, Pontoriero GF, Ashery-Padan R, Sullivan S, Williams T, West-Mays JA. Targeted deletion of AP-2alpha leads to disruption in corneal epithelial cell integrity and defects in the corneal stroma. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Oct; 46(10):3623-30. PMID: 16186342.
      View in: PubMed
    67. Lim JH, Booker AB, Luo T, Williams T, Furuta Y, Lagutin O, Oliver G, Sargent TD, Fallon JR. AP-2alpha selectively regulates fragile X mental retardation-1 gene transcription during embryonic development. Hum Mol Genet. 2005 Jul 15; 14(14):2027-34. PMID: 15930016.
      View in: PubMed
    68. Brewer S, Williams T. Finally, a sense of closure? Animal models of human ventral body wall defects. Bioessays. 2004 Dec; 26(12):1307-21. PMID: 15551266.
      View in: PubMed
    69. Sumigama S, Ito T, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Tamakoshi K, Kikkawa F, Williams T, Tainsky MA, Nomura S, Mizutani S. Suppression of invasion and peritoneal carcinomatosis of ovarian cancer cells by overexpression of AP-2alpha. Oncogene. 2004 Jul 15; 23(32):5496-504. PMID: 15146170.
      View in: PubMed
    70. Ahituv N, Erven A, Fuchs H, Guy K, Ashery-Padan R, Williams T, de Angelis MH, Avraham KB, Steel KP. An ENU-induced mutation in AP-2alpha leads to middle ear and ocular defects in Doarad mice. Mamm Genome. 2004 Jun; 15(6):424-32. PMID: 15181535.
      View in: PubMed
    71. Brewer S, Williams T. Loss of AP-2alpha impacts multiple aspects of ventral body wall development and closure. Dev Biol. 2004 Mar 15; 267(2):399-417. PMID: 15013802.
      View in: PubMed
    72. Douglas DB, Akiyama Y, Carraway H, Belinsky SA, Esteller M, Gabrielson E, Weitzman S, Williams T, Herman JG, Baylin SB. Hypermethylation of a small CpGuanine-rich region correlates with loss of activator protein-2alpha expression during progression of breast cancer. Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 01; 64(5):1611-20. PMID: 14996719.
      View in: PubMed
    73. Brewer S, Feng W, Huang J, Sullivan S, Williams T. Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion of AP-2alpha causes multiple neural crest-related defects. Dev Biol. 2004 Mar 01; 267(1):135-52. PMID: 14975722.
      View in: PubMed
    74. Sivak JM, West-Mays JA, Yee A, Williams T, Fini ME. Transcription Factors Pax6 and AP-2alpha Interact To Coordinate Corneal Epithelial Repair by Controlling Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase Gelatinase B. Mol Cell Biol. 2004 Jan; 24(1):245-57. PMID: 14673159.
      View in: PubMed
    75. Feng W, Williams T. Cloning and characterization of the mouse AP-2 epsilon gene: a novel family member expressed in the developing olfactory bulb. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2003 Oct; 24(2):460-75. PMID: 14572467.
      View in: PubMed
    76. West-Mays JA, Sivak JM, Papagiotas SS, Kim J, Nottoli T, Williams T, Fini ME. Positive influence of AP-2alpha transcription factor on cadherin gene expression and differentiation of the ocular surface. Differentiation. 2003 Apr; 71(3):206-16. PMID: 12694203.
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    77. Zhang J, Brewer S, Huang J, Williams T. Overexpression of transcription factor AP-2alpha suppresses mammary gland growth and morphogenesis. Dev Biol. 2003 Apr 01; 256(1):127-45. PMID: 12654297.
      View in: PubMed
    78. Auman HJ, Nottoli T, Lakiza O, Winger Q, Donaldson S, Williams T. Transcription factor AP-2gamma is essential in the extra-embryonic lineages for early postimplantation development. Development. 2002 Jun; 129(11):2733-47. PMID: 12015300.
      View in: PubMed
    79. Brewer S, Jiang X, Donaldson S, Williams T, Sucov HM. Requirement for AP-2alpha in cardiac outflow tract morphogenesis. Mech Dev. 2002 Jan; 110(1-2):139-49. PMID: 11744375.
      View in: PubMed
    80. Mazina OM, Phillips MA, Williams T, Vines CA, Cherr GN, Rice RH. Redistribution of transcription factor AP-2alpha in differentiating cultured human epidermal cells. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Oct; 117(4):864-70. PMID: 11676824.
      View in: PubMed
    81. Beger M, Butz K, Denk C, Williams T, Hurst HC, Hoppe-Seyler F. Expression pattern of AP-2 transcription factors in cervical cancer cells and analysis of their influence on human papillomavirus oncogene transcription. J Mol Med (Berl). 2001 Jun; 79(5-6):314-20. PMID: 11485026.
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    82. Pena P, Reutens AT, Albanese C, D'Amico M, Watanabe G, Donner A, Shu IW, Williams T, Pestell RG. Activator protein-2 mediates transcriptional activation of the CYP11A1 gene by interaction with Sp1 rather than binding to DNA. Mol Endocrinol. 1999 Aug; 13(8):1402-16. PMID: 10446912.
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    83. Mohibullah N, Donner A, Ippolito JA, Williams T. SELEX and missing phosphate contact analyses reveal flexibility within the AP-2[alpha] protein: DNA binding complex. Nucleic Acids Res. 1999 Jul 01; 27(13):2760-9. PMID: 10373594.
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    84. West-Mays JA, Zhang J, Nottoli T, Hagopian-Donaldson S, Libby D, Strissel KJ, Williams T. AP-2alpha transcription factor is required for early morphogenesis of the lens vesicle. Dev Biol. 1999 Feb 01; 206(1):46-62. PMID: 9918694.
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    85. Turner BC, Zhang J, Gumbs AA, Maher MG, Kaplan L, Carter D, Glazer PM, Hurst HC, Haffty BG, Williams T. Expression of AP-2 transcription factors in human breast cancer correlates with the regulation of multiple growth factor signalling pathways. Cancer Res. 1998 Dec 01; 58(23):5466-72. PMID: 9850080.
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    86. Nottoli T, Hagopian-Donaldson S, Zhang J, Perkins A, Williams T. AP-2-null cells disrupt morphogenesis of the eye, face, and limbs in chimeric mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 10; 95(23):13714-9. PMID: 9811866.
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    87. Shen H, Wilke T, Ashique AM, Narvey M, Zerucha T, Savino E, Williams T, Richman JM. Chicken transcription factor AP-2: cloning, expression and its role in outgrowth of facial prominences and limb buds. Dev Biol. 1997 Aug 15; 188(2):248-66. PMID: 9268573.
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    88. Johnson W, Albanese C, Handwerger S, Williams T, Pestell RG, Jameson JL. Regulation of the human chorionic gonadotropin alpha- and beta-subunit promoters by AP-2. J Biol Chem. 1997 Jun 13; 272(24):15405-12. PMID: 9182571.
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    89. Bosher JM, Totty NF, Hsuan JJ, Williams T, Hurst HC. A family of AP-2 proteins regulates c-erbB-2 expression in mammary carcinoma. Oncogene. 1996 Oct 17; 13(8):1701-7. PMID: 8895516.
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    90. Creaser PC, D'Argenio DA, Williams T. Comparative and functional analysis of the AP2 promoter indicates that conserved octamer and initiator elements are critical for activity. Nucleic Acids Res. 1996 Jul 01; 24(13):2597-605. PMID: 8692702.
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    91. Williamson JA, Bosher JM, Skinner A, Sheer D, Williams T, Hurst HC. Chromosomal mapping of the human and mouse homologues of two new members of the AP-2 family of transcription factors. Genomics. 1996 Jul 01; 35(1):262-4. PMID: 8661133.
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    92. Zhang J, Hagopian-Donaldson S, Serbedzija G, Elsemore J, Plehn-Dujowich D, McMahon AP, Flavell RA, Williams T. Neural tube, skeletal and body wall defects in mice lacking transcription factor AP-2. Nature. 1996 May 16; 381(6579):238-41. PMID: 8622766.
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    93. Somasundaram K, Jayaraman G, Williams T, Moran E, Frisch S, Thimmapaya B. Repression of a matrix metalloprotease gene by E1A correlates with its ability to bind to cell type-specific transcription factor AP-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 02; 93(7):3088-93. PMID: 8610173.
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    94. Warren G, Gordon M, Siracusa LD, Buchberg AM, Williams T. Physical and genetic localization of the gene encoding the AP-2 transcription factor to mouse chromosome 13. Genomics. 1996 Jan 15; 31(2):234-7. PMID: 8824807.
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    95. Bosher JM, Williams T, Hurst HC. The developmentally regulated transcription factor AP-2 is involved in c-erbB-2 overexpression in human mammary carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jan 31; 92(3):744-7. PMID: 7846046.
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    96. Mellentin-Michelotti J, John S, Pennie WD, Williams T, Hager GL. The 5' enhancer of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat contains a functional AP-2 element. J Biol Chem. 1994 Dec 16; 269(50):31983-90. PMID: 7989375.
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    97. Lafyatis R, Denhez F, Williams T, Sporn M, Roberts A. Sequence specific protein binding to and activation of the TGF-beta 3 promoter through a repeated TCCC motif. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Dec 11; 19(23):6419-25. PMID: 1754378.
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    98. Williams T, Tjian R. Analysis of the DNA-binding and activation properties of the human transcription factor AP-2. Genes Dev. 1991 Apr; 5(4):670-82. PMID: 2010091.
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    99. Williams T, Tjian R. Characterization of a dimerization motif in AP-2 and its function in heterologous DNA-binding proteins. Science. 1991 Mar 01; 251(4997):1067-71. PMID: 1998122.
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    100. L?scher B, Mitchell PJ, Williams T, Tjian R. Regulation of transcription factor AP-2 by the morphogen retinoic acid and by second messengers. Genes Dev. 1989 Oct; 3(10):1507-17. PMID: 2482225.
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    101. Williams T, Admon A, L?scher B, Tjian R. Cloning and expression of AP-2, a cell-type-specific transcription factor that activates inducible enhancer elements. Genes Dev. 1988 Dec; 2(12A):1557-69. PMID: 3063603.
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