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Kennon J Heard

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
DepartmentSOM-EM MED Clinical
Phone720/848-6777
    Other Positions
    TitleProfessor
    InstitutionUniversity of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
    DepartmentSOM-EM MED Clinical


    Collapse Research 
    Collapse research activities and funding
    K08DA020573     (HEARD, KENNON JAMES)Jun 1, 2006 - Apr 30, 2011
    NIH
    Effect of chronic antipsychotic medication administration on cocaine poisoning
    Role: Principal Investigator

    Collapse Bibliographic 
    Collapse selected publications
    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. Fox EJ, Dalton AM, Mullins ME, Matoushek T, Ruha AM, Burns MM, Simone K, Beuhler MC, Heard KJ, Mazer-Amirshahi M, Stork CM, Varney SM, Funk AR, Cantrell FL, Cole JB, Banner W, Stolbach AI, Hendrickson RG, Lucyk SN, Sivilotti MLA, Su MK, Nelson LS, Rumack BH, Dart RC. Out-of-hospital assessment and triage of paracetamol (acetaminophen) exposure in the United States and Canada: a consensus guideline. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2025 Mar 06; 1-5. PMID: 40047505.
      View in: PubMed
    2. Matsler N, Pepin L, Banerji S, Hoyte C, Heard K. Use of large language models to optimize poison center charting. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2024 Jun; 62(6):385-390. PMID: 38864738.
      View in: PubMed
    3. Lebin JA, Bass ME, Heard K, Hoppe J, Jacknin G. A Retrospective Evaluation of Adjunctive Phenobarbital vs. Benzodiazepine Alone for the Treatment of Moderate Alcohol Withdrawal in the Emergency Department. J Emerg Med. 2024 04; 66(4):e516-e522. PMID: 38485572.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Pepin L, Matsler N, Fontes A, Heard K, Flaherty BF, Monte AA. Fomepizole Therapy for Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Failure in an Infant. Pediatrics. 2023 Oct 01; 152(4). PMID: 37681263.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Monte AA, Vest A, Reisz JA, Berninzoni D, Hart C, Dylla L, D'Alessandro A, Heard KJ, Wood C, Pattee J. Correction to: A Multi-Omic Mosaic Model of Acetaminophen Induced Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation. J Med Toxicol. 2023 Oct; 19(4):416. PMID: 37365428.
      View in: PubMed
    6. Hoppe JA, Ledbetter C, Tolle H, Heard K. Implementation of Electronic Health Record Integration and Clinical Decision Support to Improve Emergency Department Prescription Drug Monitoring Program Use. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 Jan; 83(1):3-13. PMID: 37632496.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Dart RC, Mullins ME, Matoushek T, Ruha AM, Burns MM, Simone K, Beuhler MC, Heard KJ, Mazer-Amirshahi M, Stork CM, Varney SM, Funk AR, Cantrell LF, Cole JB, Banner W, Stolbach AI, Hendrickson RG, Lucyk SN, Sivilotti MLA, Su MK, Nelson LS, Rumack BH. Management of Acetaminophen Poisoning in the US and Canada: A Consensus Statement. JAMA Netw Open. 2023 08 01; 6(8):e2327739. PMID: 37552484.
      View in: PubMed
    8. Simon M, Heard K. Response to Klein et al. 2023. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 07; 61(7):563-564. PMID: 37535033.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Monte AA, Vest A, Reisz JA, Berninzoni D, Hart C, Dylla L, D'Alessandro A, Heard KJ, Wood C, Pattee J. A Multi-Omic Mosaic Model of Acetaminophen Induced Alanine Aminotransferase Elevation. J Med Toxicol. 2023 07; 19(3):255-261. PMID: 37231244.
      View in: PubMed
    10. Simon M, Heard K. Are antimuscarinic effects common in hydroxyzine overdose? A cohort analysis of antimuscarinic effects in hydroxyzine and diphenhydramine-poisoned patients. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2023 05; 61(5):379-386. PMID: 37194685.
      View in: PubMed
    11. Monte AA, Arriaga Mackenzie I, Pattee J, Kaiser S, Willems E, Rumack B, Reynolds KM, Dart RC, Heard KJ. Genetic variants associated with ALT elevation from therapeutic acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 11; 60(11):1198-1204. PMID: 36102175.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Arnold CG, Dylla L, Monte AA, Heard K, Heard S, D'Alessandro A, Reynolds K, Dart R, Rumack B, Sonn B. Metabolomic Evaluation of N-Acetyl-p-Benzoquinone Imine Protein Adduct Formation with Therapeutic Acetaminophen Administration: Sex-based Physiologic Differences. J Med Toxicol. 2022 10; 18(4):297-310. PMID: 35751009.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Comstock G, Kaiser S, Heard K, Wang GS. Significance of temperature in antimuscarinic toxicity: a case-control study. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 09; 60(9):1070-1072. PMID: 35735006.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Clark RT, Johnson L, Billotti J, Foulds G, Ketels T, Heard K, Calvello Hynes E. Early Outcomes of Bivalirudin Therapy for Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia and Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis After Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination. Ann Emerg Med. 2021 10; 78(4):511-514. PMID: 34226070.
      View in: PubMed
    15. Metz TD, McMillin GA, Silver RM, Allshouse AA, Heard K, Jensen TL, Wymore EM, Stickrath E, Conageski C, Kinney GL, Binswanger IA. Quantification of prenatal marijuana use: evaluation of the correlation between self-report, serum, urine and umbilical cord assays among women delivering at two urban Colorado hospitals. Addiction. 2022 01; 117(1):172-181. PMID: 34142398.
      View in: PubMed
    16. Sonn BJ, Heard KJ, Heard SM, D'Alessandro A, Reynolds KM, Dart RC, Rumack BH, Monte AA. Metabolomic markers predictive of hepatic adaptation to therapeutic dosing of acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2022 Feb; 60(2):221-230. PMID: 34047639.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Pepin LC, Buchanan JA, Pizon AF, Heard K, Zuckerman M. Educating the Educators. J Med Toxicol. 2021 04; 17(2):157-159. PMID: 33565003.
      View in: PubMed
    18. Heard K, Zuckerman M. Approach to the Poisoned Patient. J Educ Teach Emerg Med. 2021 Jan; 6(1):L1-L4. PMID: 37465543.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Wang GS, Baker K, Ng P, Janis GC, Leonard J, Mistry RD, Heard K. A randomized trial comparing physostigmine vs lorazepam for treatment of antimuscarinic (anticholinergic) toxidrome. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 Aug; 59(8):698-704. PMID: 33295809.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Monte AA, Sonn B, Saben J, Rumack BH, Reynolds KM, Dart RC, Heard KJ. The Genomics of Elevated ALT and Adducts in Therapeutic Acetaminophen Treatment: a Pilot Study. J Med Toxicol. 2021 04; 17(2):160-167. PMID: 33051802.
      View in: PubMed
    21. Zuckerman M, Kelly T, Heard K, Zosel A, Marlin M, Hoppe J. Physician attitudes on buprenorphine induction in the emergency department: results from a multistate survey. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2021 Apr; 59(4):279-285. PMID: 32870039.
      View in: PubMed
    22. Wang GS, Bourne DWA, Klawitter J, Sempio C, Chapman K, Knupp K, Wempe MF, Borgelt L, Christians U, Leonard J, Heard K, Bajaj L. Disposition of Oral Cannabidiol-Rich Cannabis Extracts in Children with Epilepsy. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2020 08; 59(8):1005-1012. PMID: 32048179.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Heard K, Ledbetter CM, Hoppe JA. Association of Emergency Department Opioid Administration With Ongoing Opioid Use: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Patients With Back Pain. Acad Emerg Med. 2020 11; 27(11):1158-1165. PMID: 32609923.
      View in: PubMed
    24. Wong A, Heard K, Graudins A, Dart R, Sivilotti MLA. Adducts Post Acetaminophen Overdose Treated with a 12-Hour vs 20-Hour Acetylcysteine Infusion. J Med Toxicol. 2020 04; 16(2):188-194. PMID: 31939054.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Kelly T, Hoppe JA, Zuckerman M, Khoshnoud A, Sholl B, Heard K. A novel social work approach to emergency department buprenorphine induction and warm hand-off to community providers. Am J Emerg Med. 2020 06; 38(6):1286-1290. PMID: 31959523.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Giles ED, Brown IL, MacLean PS, Pan Z, Melanson EL, Heard KJ, Cornier MA, Marden T, Higgins JA. The In Vivo Net Energy Content of Resistant Starch and Its Effect on Macronutrient Oxidation in Healthy Adults. Nutrients. 2019 Oct 16; 11(10). PMID: 31623184.
      View in: PubMed
    27. Heard K, Monte AA, Wang GS. Another Perspective on Cannabis and Emergency Medicine in Colorado. West J Emerg Med. 2019 10 16; 20(6):855-856. PMID: 31738711.
      View in: PubMed
    28. Wong A, Graudins A, Heard K, Dalhoff K, Sivilotti MLA. Improving the management of the paracetamol poisoned patient. EClinicalMedicine. 2019 Jul; 12:10. PMID: 31388658.
      View in: PubMed
    29. Heard K, Bebarta VS, Hoppe JA, Monte AA. Does administration of haloperidol or ketorolac decrease opioid administration for abdominal pain patients? A retrospective study. Am J Emerg Med. 2020 03; 38(3):517-520. PMID: 31138518.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Wang GS, Bourne DWA, Klawitter J, Sempio C, Chapman K, Knupp K, Wempe MF, Borgelt L, Christians U, Heard K, Bajaj L. Disposition of oral delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in children receiving cannabis extracts for epilepsy. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2020 02; 58(2):124-128. PMID: 31111749.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Dart RC, Bush SP, Heard K, Arnold TC, Sutter M, Campagne D, Holstege CP, Seifert SA, Lo JCY, Quan D, Borron S, Meurer DA, Burnham RI, McNally J, Garcia-Ubbelohde W, Anderson VE. The Efficacy of Antivenin Latrodectus (Black Widow) Equine Immune F(ab')2 Versus Placebo in the Treatment of Latrodectism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 09; 74(3):439-449. PMID: 30926190.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Heard K, Monte AA, Hoyte CO. Brief Commentary: Consequences of Marijuana-Observations From the Emergency Department. Ann Intern Med. 2019 01 15; 170(2):124. PMID: 30615784.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Metz TD, Silver RM, McMillin GA, Allshouse AA, Jensen TL, Mansfield C, Heard K, Kinney GL, Wymore E, Binswanger IA. Prenatal Marijuana Use by Self-Report and Umbilical Cord Sampling in a State With Marijuana Legalization. Obstet Gynecol. 2019 01; 133(1):98-104. PMID: 30531577.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Heard DG, Andresen KH, Guthmiller KM, Lucas R, Heard KJ, Blewer AL, Abella BS, Gent LM, Sasson C. Hands-Only Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Education: A Comparison of On-Screen With Compression Feedback, Classroom, and Video Education. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 06; 73(6):599-609. PMID: 30442510.
      View in: PubMed
    35. Wang GS, Hoyte C, Roosevelt G, Heard K. The Continued Impact of Marijuana Legalization on Unintentional Pediatric Exposures in Colorado. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2019 01; 58(1):114-116. PMID: 30288992.
      View in: PubMed
    36. Green JL, Anderson V, Dart RC, Heard K. Medication history assessment in research: A randomized controlled trial comparing tablet-based (eMedHAT) versus structured interview (MedHAT). Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. 2018 Dec; 27(12):1356-1360. PMID: 30289578.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Heard K. Acetaminophen Poisoning: A Case Based Approach. J Acute Med. 2018 Sep 01; 8(3):77-85. PMID: 32995209.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Buchanan J, Windels D, Druck J, Heard K. Assessment of toxicology knowledge in the fourth-year medical students: Three years of data. World J Emerg Med. 2018; 9(3):191-194. PMID: 29796143.
      View in: PubMed
    39. Heard K, Anderson VE, Lavonas EJ, Dart RC, Green JL. Serum paracetamol-protein adducts in ambulatory subjects: Relationship to recent reported paracetamol use. Biomarkers. 2018 May; 23(3):288-292. PMID: 29179598.
      View in: PubMed
    40. Wang GS, Heard K, Roosevelt G. The Unintended Consequences of Marijuana Legalization. J Pediatr. 2017 11; 190:12-13. PMID: 29144239.
      View in: PubMed
    41. Heard K, Marlin MB, Nappe T, Hoyte CO. Common marijuana-related cases encountered in the emergency department. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017 Nov 15; 74(22):1904-1908. PMID: 28947626.
      View in: PubMed
    42. Wang GS, Hoppe J, Brou L, Heard K. In response to "Balancing the risks and benefits of medication organizers". Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2018 02; 56(2):156. PMID: 28748717.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Wang GS, Hoppe JA, Brou L, Heard KJ. Medication organizers (pill minders) increase the risk for unintentional pediatric ingestions. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2017 Sep; 55(8):897-901. PMID: 28471310.
      View in: PubMed
    44. Heard K, Anderson V, Dart RC, Kile D, Lavonas EJ, Green JL. Serum Acetaminophen Protein Adduct Concentrations in Pediatric Emergency Department Patients. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017 04; 64(4):533-535. PMID: 27846064.
      View in: PubMed
    45. Siddiqui A, Belland L, Rivera-Reyes L, Handel D, Yadav K, Heard K, Eisenberg A, Khelemsky Y, Hwang U. A Multicenter Evaluation of Emergency Department Pain Care Across Different Types of Fractures. Pain Med. 2017 01 01; 18(1):41-48. PMID: 27245631.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Maddry JK, Kester A, Heard K. Prolonged hypocalcemia refractory to calcium gluconate after ammonium bifluoride ingestion in a pediatric patient. Am J Emerg Med. 2017 Feb; 35(2):378.e1-378.e2. PMID: 27609122.
      View in: PubMed
    47. Kim HS, Heard KJ, Heard S, Hoppe JA. Opioid prescription fill rates after emergency department discharge. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2016 Jun 15; 73(12):902-7. PMID: 27261241.
      View in: PubMed
    48. Heard K, Anderson VE, Dart RC, Green JL. Accuracy of the Structured Medication History Assessment Tool (MedHAT) Compared with Recorded Real-Time Medication Use. Pharmacotherapy. 2016 05; 36(5):496-504. PMID: 27029649.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Yip L, Heard K. Potential adjunct treatment for high-risk acetaminophen overdose. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016 Jun; 54(5):459. PMID: 26919296.
      View in: PubMed
    50. Lucyk SN, Yarema MC, Sivilotti ML, Johnson DW, Nettel-Aguirre A, Victorino C, Bailey B, Dart RC, Heard K, Spyker DA, Rumack BH. Outcomes of Patients With Premature Discontinuation of the 21-h Intravenous N-Acetylcysteine Protocol After Acute Acetaminophen Overdose. J Emerg Med. 2016 Apr; 50(4):629-37. PMID: 26899513.
      View in: PubMed
    51. Heard K, Green JL, Anderson V, Bucher-Bartelson B, Dart RC. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) protein adduct concentrations during therapeutic dosing. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Mar; 81(3):562-8. PMID: 26584404.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Seifert SA, Kovnat D, Anderson VE, Green JL, Dart RC, Heard KJ. Acute hepatotoxicity associated with therapeutic doses of intravenous acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016 Mar; 54(3):282-5. PMID: 26763284.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Zurlinden TJ, Heard K, Reisfeld B. A novel approach for estimating ingested dose associated with paracetamol overdose. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2016 Apr; 81(4):634-45. PMID: 26441245.
      View in: PubMed
    54. Genco EK, Forster JE, Flaten H, Goss F, Heard KJ, Hoppe J, Monte AA. Clinically Inconsequential Alerts: The Characteristics of Opioid Drug Alerts and Their Utility in Preventing Adverse Drug Events in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med. 2016 Feb; 67(2):240-248.e3. PMID: 26553282.
      View in: PubMed
    55. Siddiqui A, Belland L, Rivera-Reyes L, Handel D, Yadav K, Heard K, Eisenberg A, Hwang U. A Multicenter Evaluation of the Impact of Sex on Abdominal and Fracture Pain Care. Med Care. 2015 Nov; 53(11):948-53. PMID: 26465122.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Miech R, Johnston L, O'Malley PM, Keyes KM, Heard K. Prescription Opioids in Adolescence and Future Opioid Misuse. Pediatrics. 2015 Nov; 136(5):e1169-77. PMID: 26504126.
      View in: PubMed
    57. Frey SM, Wiegand TJ, Green JL, Heard KJ, Wilkins DG, Gorodetsky RM, Dart RC. Confirming the Causative Role of Acetaminophen in Indeterminate Acute Liver Failure Using Acetaminophen-Cysteine Adducts. J Med Toxicol. 2015 Jun; 11(2):218-22. PMID: 25896948.
      View in: PubMed
    58. Kim HS, Anderson JD, Saghafi O, Heard KJ, Monte AA. Cyclic vomiting presentations following marijuana liberalization in Colorado. Acad Emerg Med. 2015 Jun; 22(6):694-9. PMID: 25903855.
      View in: PubMed
    59. Monte AA, Anderson P, Hoppe JA, Weinshilboum RM, Vasiliou V, Heard KJ. Accuracy of Electronic Medical Record Medication Reconciliation in Emergency Department Patients. J Emerg Med. 2015 Jul; 49(1):78-84. PMID: 25797942.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Wang GS, Monte A, Hatten B, Brent J, Buchanan J, Heard KJ. Initiation of a medical toxicology consult service at a tertiary care children's hospital. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2015 May; 53(4):192-4. PMID: 25686099.
      View in: PubMed
    61. Monte AA, Zane RD, Heard KJ. The implications of marijuana legalization in Colorado. JAMA. 2015 Jan 20; 313(3):241-2. PMID: 25486283.
      View in: PubMed
    62. Cao D, Heard K, Foran M, Koyfman A. Intravenous lipid emulsion in the emergency department: a systematic review of recent literature. J Emerg Med. 2015 Mar; 48(3):387-97. PMID: 25534900.
      View in: PubMed
    63. Hoppe JA, Kim H, Heard K. Association of emergency department opioid initiation with?recurrent opioid use. Ann Emerg Med. 2015 May; 65(5):493-499.e4. PMID: 25534654.
      View in: PubMed
    64. Maddry JK, Varney SM, Sessions D, Heard K, Thaxton RE, Ganem VJ, Zarzabal LA, Bebarta VS. A comparison of simulation-based education versus lecture-based instruction for toxicology training in emergency medicine residents. J Med Toxicol. 2014 Dec; 10(4):364-8. PMID: 24844460.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Hwang U, Belland LK, Handel DA, Yadav K, Heard K, Rivera-Reyes L, Eisenberg A, Noble MJ, Mekala S, Valley M, Winkel G, Todd KH, Morrison SR. Is all pain is treated equally? A multicenter evaluation of acute pain care by age. Pain. 2014 Dec; 155(12):2568-2574. PMID: 25244947.
      View in: PubMed
    66. Maddry JK, Sessions D, Heard K, Lappan C, McManus J, Bebarta VS. Wartime toxicology: evaluation of a military medical toxicology telemedicine consults service to assist physicians serving overseas and in combat (2005-2012). J Med Toxicol. 2014 Sep; 10(3):261-5. PMID: 24752493.
      View in: PubMed
    67. Monte AA, Heard KJ, Campbell J, Hamamura D, Weinshilboum RM, Vasiliou V. The effect of CYP2D6 drug-drug interactions on hydrocodone effectiveness. Acad Emerg Med. 2014 Aug; 21(8):879-85. PMID: 25156930.
      View in: PubMed
    68. Monte AA, Heard KJ, Hoppe JA, Vasiliou V, Gonzalez FJ. The accuracy of self-reported drug ingestion histories in emergency department patients. J Clin Pharmacol. 2015 Jan; 55(1):33-8. PMID: 25052325.
      View in: PubMed
    69. Heard K, Green JL, Anderson V, Bucher-Bartelson B, Dart RC. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial to determine the course of aminotransferase elevation during prolonged acetaminophen administration. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014 Jul 22; 15:39. PMID: 25047090.
      View in: PubMed
    70. Heard K, Bui A, Mlynarchek SL, Green JL, Bond GR, Clark RF, Kozer E, Koff RS, Dart RC. Toxicity from repeated doses of acetaminophen in children: assessment of causality and dose in reported cases. Am J Ther. 2014 May-Jun; 21(3):174-83. PMID: 22407198.
      View in: PubMed
    71. Varney SM, Buchanan JA, Kokko J, Heard K. Acetylcysteine for acetaminophen overdose in patients who weigh >100 kg. Am J Ther. 2014 May-Jun; 21(3):159-63. PMID: 23011167.
      View in: PubMed
    72. Heard K, Rumack BH, Green JL, Bucher-Bartelson B, Heard S, Bronstein AC, Dart RC. A single-arm clinical trial of a 48-hour intravenous N-acetylcysteine protocol for treatment of acetaminophen poisoning. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2014 Jun; 52(5):512-8. PMID: 24708414.
      View in: PubMed
    73. Smalley CM, Jacquet GA, Sande MK, Heard K, Druck J. Impact of a teaching service on emergency department throughput. West J Emerg Med. 2014 Mar; 15(2):165-9. PMID: 24672605.
      View in: PubMed
    74. Wang GS, Roosevelt G, Le Lait MC, Martinez EM, Bucher-Bartelson B, Bronstein AC, Heard K. Association of unintentional pediatric exposures with decriminalization of marijuana in the United States. Ann Emerg Med. 2014 Jun; 63(6):684-9. PMID: 24507243.
      View in: PubMed
    75. Monte AA, Bronstein AC, Cao DJ, Heard KJ, Hoppe JA, Hoyte CO, Iwanicki JL, Lavonas EJ. An outbreak of exposure to a novel synthetic cannabinoid. N Engl J Med. 2014 Jan 23; 370(4):389-90. PMID: 24450915.
      View in: PubMed
    76. Wang GS, Le Lait MC, Heard K. Unintentional pediatric exposures to central alpha-2 agonists reported to the National Poison Data System. J Pediatr. 2014 Jan; 164(1):149-52. PMID: 24094880.
      View in: PubMed
    77. Sessions D, Heard K, Kosnett M. Fatal cesium chloride toxicity after alternative cancer treatment. J Altern Complement Med. 2013 Dec; 19(12):973-5. PMID: 23841836.
      View in: PubMed
    78. Wang GS, Roosevelt G, Heard K. Pediatric marijuana exposures in a medical marijuana state. JAMA Pediatr. 2013 Jul; 167(7):630-3. PMID: 23712626.
      View in: PubMed
    79. Hoyte CO, Albert D, Heard KJ. The use of energy drinks, dietary supplements, and prescription medications by United States college students to enhance athletic performance. J Community Health. 2013 Jun; 38(3):575-80. PMID: 23371823.
      View in: PubMed
    80. Hoppe JA, Houghland J, Yaron M, Heard K. Prescription history of emergency department patients prescribed opioids. West J Emerg Med. 2013 May; 14(3):247-52. PMID: 23687544.
      View in: PubMed
    81. Green JL, Heard KJ, Reynolds KM, Albert D. Oral and Intravenous Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. West J Emerg Med. 2013 May; 14(3):218-26. PMID: 23687539.
      View in: PubMed
    82. Wang GS, Deakyne S, Bajaj L, Yin S, Heard K, Roosevelt G. The limited utility of screening laboratory tests and electrocardiograms in the management of unintentional asymptomatic pediatric ingestions. J Emerg Med. 2013 Jul; 45(1):34-8. PMID: 23561311.
      View in: PubMed
    83. Dart RC, Bogdan G, Heard K, Bucher Bartelson B, Garcia-Ubbelohde W, Bush S, Arnold T, Clark RC, Hendey GW, Holstege C, Spradley EA. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of a highly purified equine F(ab)2 antibody black widow spider antivenom. Ann Emerg Med. 2013 Apr; 61(4):458-67. PMID: 23380292.
      View in: PubMed
    84. Wang GS, Banerji S, Roussil TK, Heard KJ. Survival after amphotericin B overdose treated with plasmapheresis. Ann Pharmacother. 2013 Feb; 47(2):e9. PMID: 23362040.
      View in: PubMed
    85. Maddry JK, Amir MK, Sessions D, Heard K. Fatal dabigatran toxicity secondary to acute renal failure. Am J Emerg Med. 2013 Feb; 31(2):462.e1-2. PMID: 23158612.
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    86. Jacob J, Albert D, Heard K. Single-agent duloxetine ingestions. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2013 Apr; 32(4):427-33. PMID: 23111877.
      View in: PubMed
    87. Miech R, Bohnert A, Heard K, Boardman J. Increasing use of nonmedical analgesics among younger cohorts in the United States: a birth cohort effect. J Adolesc Health. 2013 Jan; 52(1):35-41. PMID: 23260832.
      View in: PubMed
    88. Wang GS, Yin S, Shear B, Heard K. Severe poisoning after accidental pediatric ingestion of glycol ethers. Pediatrics. 2012 Oct; 130(4):e1026-9. PMID: 23008459.
      View in: PubMed
    89. Maddry JK, Breyer K, Cook KM, Heard K. Monomorphic ventricular tachycardia after intentional citalopram overdose. Am J Emerg Med. 2013 Feb; 31(2):447.e5-8. PMID: 22867818.
      View in: PubMed
    90. Heard K, Green J. Acetylcysteine therapy for acetaminophen poisoning. Curr Pharm Biotechnol. 2012 Aug; 13(10):1917-23. PMID: 22352734.
      View in: PubMed
    91. Rumack B, Heard K, Green J, Albert D, Bucher-Bartelson B, Bodmer M, Sivilotti ML, Dart RC. Effect of therapeutic doses of acetaminophen (up to 4 g/day) on serum alanine aminotransferase levels in subjects consuming ethanol: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacotherapy. 2012 Sep; 32(9):784-91. PMID: 22851428.
      View in: PubMed
    92. Hoyte CO, Cushing TA, Heard KJ. Anaphylaxis to black widow spider antivenom. Am J Emerg Med. 2012 Jun; 30(5):836.e1-2. PMID: 21641165.
      View in: PubMed
    93. Hoyte CO, Jacob J, Monte AA, Al-Jumaan M, Bronstein AC, Heard KJ. A characterization of synthetic cannabinoid exposures reported to the National Poison Data System in 2010. Ann Emerg Med. 2012 Oct; 60(4):435-8. PMID: 22575211.
      View in: PubMed
    94. Buchanan JA, Eberhardt A, Tebb ZD, Heard K, Wendlandt RF, Kosnett MJ. Massive human ingestion of orpiment (arsenic trisulfide). J Emerg Med. 2013 Feb; 44(2):367-72. PMID: 22541879.
      View in: PubMed
    95. Monte AA, Vasiliou V, Heard KJ. Omics Screening for Pharmaceutical Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Practice. J Pharmacogenomics Pharmacoproteomics. 2012 Mar 16; S5. PMID: 23264882.
      View in: PubMed
    96. Valley MA, Heard KJ, Ginde AA, Lezotte DC, Lowenstein SR. Observational studies of patients in the emergency department: a comparison of 4 sampling methods. Ann Emerg Med. 2012 Aug; 60(2):139-45.e1. PMID: 22401950.
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    97. Monte AA, Heard KJ, Vasiliou V. Prediction of drug response and safety in clinical practice. J Med Toxicol. 2012 Mar; 8(1):43-51. PMID: 22160757.
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    98. Monte AA, Bucher-Bartelson B, Heard KJ. A US perspective of symptomatic Latrodectus spp. envenomation and treatment: a National Poison Data System review. Ann Pharmacother. 2011 Dec; 45(12):1491-8. PMID: 22116992.
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    99. Jacob J, Heard K. Second case of the use of intravenous fat emulsion therapy for propafenone toxicity. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Dec; 49(10):946-7. PMID: 22070561.
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    100. Yin S, Heard KJ. Complex suicide: self-incineration and acetaminophen overdose. Injury. 2012 Jan; 43(1):124-5. PMID: 21733512.
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    101. Carpenter CR, Heard K, Wilber S, Ginde AA, Stiffler K, Gerson LW, Wenger NS, Miller DK. Research priorities for high-quality geriatric emergency care: medication management, screening, and prevention and functional assessment. Acad Emerg Med. 2011 Jun; 18(6):644-54. PMID: 21676064.
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    102. Heard K, Schaeffer TH. Massive acetylcysteine overdose associated with cerebral edema and seizures. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Jun; 49(5):423-5. PMID: 21740141.
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    103. Buchanan JA, Heard K, Burbach C, Wilson ML, Dart R. Prevalence of levamisole in urine toxicology screens positive for cocaine in an inner-city hospital. JAMA. 2011 Apr 27; 305(16):1657-8. PMID: 21521846.
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    104. Carpenter CR, Shah MN, Hustey FM, Heard K, Gerson LW, Miller DK. High yield research opportunities in geriatric emergency medicine: prehospital care, delirium, adverse drug events, and falls. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2011 Jul; 66(7):775-83. PMID: 21498881.
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    105. Buchanan J, Moreira M, Heard K. Response to Letter to the Editor: validation of a 6-hour observation period for cocaine body stuffers. Am J Emerg Med. 2011 May; 29(4):471-2. PMID: 21447435.
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    106. Heard KJ, Green JL, James LP, Judge BS, Zolot L, Rhyee S, Dart RC. Acetaminophen-cysteine adducts during therapeutic dosing and following overdose. BMC Gastroenterol. 2011 Mar 14; 11:20. PMID: 21401949.
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    107. Wang GS, Monte A, Bagdure D, Heard K. Hepatic failure despite early acetylcysteine following large acetaminophen-diphenhydramine overdose. Pediatrics. 2011 Apr; 127(4):e1077-80. PMID: 21402629.
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    108. Heard K, Cleveland NR, Krier S. Benzodiazepines and antipsychotic medications for treatment of acute cocaine toxicity in animal models--a systematic review and meta-analysis. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2011 Nov; 30(11):1849-54. PMID: 21382911.
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    109. Heard K. Asymptomatic alanine aminotransferase elevations with therapeutic doses of acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Feb; 49(2):90-3. PMID: 21370944.
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    110. Alhelail MA, Hoppe JA, Rhyee SH, Heard KJ. Clinical course of repeated supratherapeutic ingestion of acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2011 Feb; 49(2):108-12. PMID: 21370947.
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    111. Kornblith A, Heard K. Reliability and validity of 5 databases for the identification of warfarin-medication interactions. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2011 Nov-Dec; 17(6):E95-7. PMID: 21078612.
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    112. Vogel J, Heard KJ, Carlson C, Lange C, Mitchell G. Dental pain as a risk factor for accidental acetaminophen overdose: a case-control study. Am J Emerg Med. 2011 Nov; 29(9):1125-9. PMID: 20951526.
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    113. Chuang R, Heard KJ. Types of studies used to support treatment recommendations in medical toxicology. J Med Toxicol. 2010 Sep; 6(3):345-8. PMID: 20405268.
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    114. Heard KJ, Green JL, Dart RC. Serum alanine aminotransferase elevation during 10 days of acetaminophen use in nondrinkers. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Aug; 30(8):818-22. PMID: 20653358.
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    115. Heard KJ, Krier S, Cleveland NR. Knowledge of treatment group does not bias assessment of time to seizure in an animal model of cocaine poisoning. Acad Emerg Med. 2010 Jul; 17(7):e75-7. PMID: 20653574.
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    116. Bebarta VS, Kao L, Froberg B, Clark RF, Lavonas E, Qi M, Delgado J, McDonagh J, Arnold T, Odujebe O, O'Malley G, Lares C, Aguilera E, Dart R, Heard K, Stanford C, Kokko J, Bogdan G, Mendoza C, Mlynarchek S, Rhyee S, Hoppe J, Haur W, Tan HH, Tran NN, Varney S, Zosel A, Buchanan J, Al-Helial M. A multicenter comparison of the safety of oral versus intravenous acetylcysteine for treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Jun; 48(5):424-30. PMID: 20524832.
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    117. Dart RC, Green JL, Kuffner EK, Heard K, Sproule B, Brands B. The effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) on hepatic tests in patients who chronically abuse alcohol - a randomized study. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Aug; 32(3):478-86. PMID: 20491750.
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    118. Hwang U, Baumlin K, Berman J, Chawla NK, Handel DA, Heard K, Livote E, Pines JM, Valley M, Yadav K. Emergency department patient volume and troponin laboratory turnaround time. Acad Emerg Med. 2010 May; 17(5):501-7. PMID: 20536804.
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    119. Green JL, Reifler LM, Heard KJ. Validity of a point of care device (Cholestech LDX) to monitor liver enzyme activity (aminotransferase measures) during a clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials. 2010 Jul; 31(4):279-82. PMID: 20430116.
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    120. Moreira M, Buchanan J, Heard K. Validation of a 6-hour observation period for cocaine body stuffers. Am J Emerg Med. 2011 Mar; 29(3):299-303. PMID: 20825819.
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    121. Haukoos JS, Witt G, Gravitz C, Dean J, Jackson DM, Candlin T, Vellman P, Riccio J, Heard K, Kazutomi T, Luyten D, Pineda G, Gunter J, Biltoft J, Colwell C. Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in denver, colorado: epidemiology and outcomes. Acad Emerg Med. 2010 Apr; 17(4):391-8. PMID: 20370778.
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    122. Fasano CJ, Rowden AK, O'Malley GF, Aguilera E, Heard K. Quantitative insulin and C-peptide levels among ED patients with sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia-a prospective case series. Am J Emerg Med. 2010 Oct; 28(8):952-5. PMID: 20887914.
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    123. Zosel A, Egelhoff E, Heard K. Severe lactic acidosis after an iatrogenic propylene glycol overdose. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Feb; 30(2):219. PMID: 20099997.
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    124. Rhyee SH, Heard K. Acute barium toxicity from ingestion of "snake" fireworks. J Med Toxicol. 2009 Dec; 5(4):209-13. PMID: 19876854.
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    125. Heard KJ, Peberdy MA, Sayre MR, Sanders A, Geocadin RG, Dixon SR, Larabee TM, Hiller K, Fiorello A, Paradis NA, O'Neil BJ. A randomized controlled trial comparing the Arctic Sun to standard cooling for induction of hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Resuscitation. 2010 Jan; 81(1):9-14. PMID: 19854555.
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    126. Nordenholz K, Ryan J, Atwood B, Heard K. Pulmonary embolism risk stratification: pulse oximetry and pulmonary embolism severity index. J Emerg Med. 2011 Jan; 40(1):95-102. PMID: 19765942.
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    127. Heard KJ, Cleveland NR, Krier S. The effect of olanzapine pretreatment on acute cocaine toxicity in mice. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2009 Jul; 47(6):542-4. PMID: 19566382.
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    128. Richason TP, Paulson SM, Lowenstein SR, Heard KJ. Case reports describing treatments in the emergency medicine literature: missing and misleading information. BMC Emerg Med. 2009 Jun 15; 9:10. PMID: 19527500.
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    129. Phua DH, Zosel A, Heard K. Dietary supplements and herbal medicine toxicities-when to anticipate them and how to manage them. Int J Emerg Med. 2009 Jun 10; 2(2):69-76. PMID: 20157447.
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    130. Tan HH, Hoppe J, Heard K. A systematic review of cardiovascular effects after atypical antipsychotic medication overdose. Am J Emerg Med. 2009 Jun; 27(5):607-16. PMID: 19497468.
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    131. Dart RC, Borron SW, Caravati EM, Cobaugh DJ, Curry SC, Falk JL, Goldfrank L, Gorman SE, Groft S, Heard K, Miller K, Olson KR, O'Malley G, Seger D, Seifert SA, Sivilotti ML, Schaeffer T, Tomassoni AJ, Wise R, Bogdan GM, Alhelail M, Buchanan J, Hoppe J, Lavonas E, Mlynarchek S, Phua DH, Rhyee S, Varney S, Zosel A. Expert consensus guidelines for stocking of antidotes in hospitals that provide emergency care. Ann Emerg Med. 2009 Sep; 54(3):386-394.e1. PMID: 19406507.
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    132. Evans B, Gervais JT, Heard K, Valley M, Lowenstein SR. Ski patrollers: reluctant role models for helmet use. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot. 2009 Mar; 16(1):9-14. PMID: 19225971.
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    133. Heard KJ, Ries NL, Dart RC, Bogdan GM, Zallen RD, Daly F. Overuse of non-prescription analgesics by dental clinic patients. BMC Oral Health. 2008 Dec 09; 8:33. PMID: 19068122.
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    134. Heard KJ. Acetylcysteine for acetaminophen poisoning. N Engl J Med. 2008 Jul 17; 359(3):285-92. PMID: 18635433.
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    135. Heard K, Krier S, Zahniser NR. Administration of ziprasidone for 10 days increases cocaine toxicity in mice. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2008 Jun; 27(6):499-503. PMID: 18784203.
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    136. Green JL, Campagna E, Bogdan GM, Dart RC, Heard K. Effects of clinical laboratory choice on study outcome: an interlaboratory evaluation of aminotransferase levels. Pharmacotherapy. 2008 Apr; 28(4):453-7. PMID: 18363529.
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    137. Wolf SJ, Heard K, Sloan EP, Jagoda AS. Clinical policy: critical issues in the management of patients presenting to the emergency department with acetaminophen overdose. J Emerg Nurs. 2008 Apr; 34(2):e1-18. PMID: 18358339.
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    138. Heard K, Wilber S, Shah MN. Inappropriate prescribing in elderly ED patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2008 Mar; 26(3):372-3. PMID: 18358958.
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    139. Prouty H, Adams DS, Heard K. Evaluation of treatments for cyanoacrylate eyelash adhesion using an in-vitro model. Cutan Ocul Toxicol. 2008; 27(1):11-4. PMID: 18330829.
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    140. Heard K, Palmer R, Zahniser NR. Mechanisms of acute cocaine toxicity. Open Pharmacol J. 2008; 2(9):70-78. PMID: 19568322.
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    141. Nordenholz KE, Zieske M, Dyer DS, Hanson JA, Heard K. Radiologic diagnoses of patients who received imaging for venous thromboembolism despite negative D-dimer tests. Am J Emerg Med. 2007 Nov; 25(9):1040-6. PMID: 18022499.
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    142. Wolf SJ, Heard K, Sloan EP, Jagoda AS. Clinical policy: critical issues in the management of patients presenting to the emergency department with acetaminophen overdose. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Sep; 50(3):292-313. PMID: 17709050.
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    143. DeWitt CR, Heard K, Waksman JC. Insulin & C-peptide levels in sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycemia: a systematic review. J Med Toxicol. 2007 Sep; 3(3):107-18. PMID: 18072146.
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    144. Rogers JJ, Heard K. Does age matter? Comparing case fatality rates for selected poisonings reported to U.S. poison centers. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2007 Sep; 45(6):705-8. PMID: 17849247.
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    145. Heard K, Green JL, Bailey JE, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. A randomized trial to determine the change in alanine aminotransferase during 10 days of paracetamol (acetaminophen) administration in subjects who consume moderate amounts of alcohol. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Jul 15; 26(2):283-90. PMID: 17593074.
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    146. Bebarta VS, Phillips S, Eberhardt A, Calihan KJ, Waksman JC, Heard K. Incidence of Brugada electrocardiographic pattern and outcomes of these patients after intentional tricyclic antidepressant ingestion. Am J Cardiol. 2007 Aug 15; 100(4):656-60. PMID: 17697824.
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    147. Cleveland NR, Krier S, Heard K. Ziprasidone, diazepam, or the combination for prevention of cocaine toxicity in a mouse model. Acad Emerg Med. 2007 Aug; 14(8):691-4. PMID: 17576772.
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    148. Kuffner EK, Green JL, Bogdan GM, Knox PC, Palmer RB, Heard K, Slattery JT, Dart RC. The effect of acetaminophen (four grams a day for three consecutive days) on hepatic tests in alcoholic patients--a multicenter randomized study. BMC Med. 2007 May 30; 5:13. PMID: 17537264.
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    149. Heard K, Mendoza CD. Consequences of attempts to mask urine drug screens. Ann Emerg Med. 2007 Nov; 50(5):591-2. PMID: 17490789.
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    150. Nordenholz KE, Naviaux NW, Stegelmeier K, Haukoos JS, Wolf SJ, McCubbin T, Heard K. Pulmonary embolism risk assessment screening tools: the interrater reliability of their criteria. Am J Emerg Med. 2007 Mar; 25(3):285-90. PMID: 17349902.
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    151. Little CM, Marietta MH, Peng K, Heard K, Fragoso M, Severyn FA, Bebarta VS, Paradis NA. Vasopressin alone or with epinephrine may be superior to epinephrine in a clinically relevant porcine model of pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Nov; 24(7):810-4. PMID: 17098102.
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    152. Mendoza CD, Heard K, Dart RC. Coma, metabolic acidosis and normal liver function in a child with a large serum acetaminophen level. Ann Emerg Med. 2006 Nov; 48(5):637. PMID: 17052573.
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    153. Wilber ST, Gerson LW, Terrell KM, Carpenter CR, Shah MN, Heard K, Hwang U. Geriatric emergency medicine and the 2006 Institute of Medicine reports from the Committee on the Future of Emergency Care in the U.S. health system. Acad Emerg Med. 2006 Dec; 13(12):1345-51. PMID: 17071799.
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    154. Bebarta VS, Heard K, Dart RC. Inhalational abuse of methanol products: elevated methanol and formate levels without vision loss. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Oct; 24(6):725-8. PMID: 16984844.
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    155. Little CM, Paradis NA, Heard K. Prehospital interventions to improve neurological outcome following cardiac arrest. Semin Neurol. 2006 Sep; 26(4):380-6. PMID: 16969738.
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    156. Abboud PA, Heard K, Al-Marshad AA, Lowenstein SR. What determines whether patients are willing to participate in resuscitation studies requiring exception from informed consent? J Med Ethics. 2006 Aug; 32(8):468-72. PMID: 16877627.
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    157. Akhtar I, Flowers R, Siddiqi A, Heard K, Baliga M. Fine needle aspiration biopsy of vertebral and paravertebral lesions: retrospective study of 124 cases. Acta Cytol. 2006 Jul-Aug; 50(4):364-71. PMID: 16900996.
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    158. Terrell KM, Heard K, Miller DK. Prescribing to older ED patients. Am J Emerg Med. 2006 Jul; 24(4):468-78. PMID: 16787807.
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    159. Heard K. The changing indications of gastrointestinal decontamination in poisonings. Clin Lab Med. 2006 Mar; 26(1):1-12, vii. PMID: 16567222.
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    160. Heard K, Sloss D, Weber S, Dart RC. Overuse of over-the-counter analgesics by emergency department patients. Ann Emerg Med. 2006 Sep; 48(3):315-8. PMID: 16934651.
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    161. Heard K, Dart RC, Bogdan G, O'Malley GF, Burkhart KK, Donovan JW, Ward SB. A preliminary study of tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) ovine FAB for TCA toxicity. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2006; 44(3):275-81. PMID: 16749545.
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    162. DeWitt CR, Cleveland N, Dart RC, Heard K. The effect of amiodarone pretreatment on survival of mice with cocaine toxicity. J Med Toxicol. 2005 Dec; 1(1):11-8. PMID: 18072097.
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    163. Heard K. Gastrointestinal decontamination. Med Clin North Am. 2005 Nov; 89(6):1067-78. PMID: 16227054.
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    164. Hiller KM, Haukoos JS, Heard K, Tashkin JS, Paradis NA. Impact of the Final Rule on the rate of clinical cardiac arrest research in the United States. Acad Emerg Med. 2005 Nov; 12(11):1091-8. PMID: 16264080.
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    165. Heard K, Bebarta VS, Lowenstein SR. Methodological standards in human vs animal clinical trials. JAMA. 2005 Jul 06; 294(1):40; author reply 40-1. PMID: 15998885.
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    166. Cleveland NJ, Dewitt CD, Heard K. Ziprasidone pretreatment attenuates the lethal effects of cocaine in a mouse model. Acad Emerg Med. 2005 May; 12(5):385-8. PMID: 15860690.
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    167. Daly FF, O'Malley GF, Heard K, Bogdan GM, Dart RC. Prospective evaluation of repeated supratherapeutic acetaminophen (paracetamol) ingestion. Ann Emerg Med. 2004 Oct; 44(4):393-8. PMID: 15459622.
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    168. Heard K, Bebarta VS. Reliability of the Glasgow Coma Scale for the emergency department evaluation of poisoned patients. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2004 Apr; 23(4):197-200. PMID: 15171571.
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    169. Bebarta VS, Heard K, Nadelson C. Lack of toxic effects following acute overdose of cellcept (mycophenolate mofetil). J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004; 42(6):917-9. PMID: 15533032.
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    170. Kao WF, Deng JF, Chiang SC, Heard K, Yen DH, Lu MC, Kuo BI, Kuo CC, Liu TY, Lee CH. A simple, safe, and efficient way to treat severe fluoride poisoning--oral calcium or magnesium. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2004; 42(1):33-40. PMID: 15083934.
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    171. Bebarta V, Luyten D, Heard K. Emergency medicine animal research: does use of randomization and blinding affect the results? Acad Emerg Med. 2003 Jun; 10(6):684-7. PMID: 12782533.
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    172. Heard K, Delgado J. Oral decontamination with calcium or magnesium salts does not improve survival following hydrofluoric acid ingestion. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2003; 41(6):789-92. PMID: 14677788.
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    173. Heard K, Cain BS, Dart RC, Cairns CB. Tricyclic antidepressants directly depress human myocardial mechanical function independent of effects on the conduction system. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Dec; 8(12):1122-7. PMID: 11733288.
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    174. Hill RE, Heard K, Bogdan GM, Cairns CB, Dart RC. Attenuation of verapamil-induced myocardial toxicity in an ex-vivo rat model using a verapamil-specific ovine immunoglobin. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Oct; 8(10):950-5. PMID: 11581079.
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    175. Heard K, Hill RE, Cairns CB, Dart RC. Calcium neutralizes fluoride bioavailability in a lethal model of fluoride poisoning. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2001; 39(4):349-53. PMID: 11527228.
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    176. Heard K, O'Malley GF, Dart RC. Treatment of amitriptyline poisoning with ovine antibody to tricyclic antidepressants. Lancet. 1999 Nov 06; 354(9190):1614-5. PMID: 10560683.
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    177. Heard K, Daly FF, O'Malley G, Rosen N. Respiratory distress after use of droperidol for agitation. Ann Emerg Med. 1999 Sep; 34(3):410-1. PMID: 10460140.
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    178. O'Malley GF, Seifert S, Heard K, Daly F, Dart RC. Olanzapine overdose mimicking opioid intoxication. Ann Emerg Med. 1999 Aug; 34(2):279-81. PMID: 10424936.
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    179. Heard K, O'Malley GF, Dart RC. Antivenom therapy in the Americas. Drugs. 1999 Jul; 58(1):5-15. PMID: 10439926.
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    180. Heard K, Kendall J, Abbott J. Rupture of ectopic pregnancy after medical therapy with methotrexate: a case series. J Emerg Med. 1998 Nov-Dec; 16(6):857-60. PMID: 9848700.
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    181. Arnold SM, Arnholz D, Garyfallou GT, Heard K. Two siblings poisoned with diphenhydramine: a case of factitious disorder by proxy. Ann Emerg Med. 1998 Aug; 32(2):256-9. PMID: 9701313.
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    182. Heard K, O'Malley G, Dart RC, Smith M. Is sulfasalazine toxic? J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998; 36(7):757-60. PMID: 9865250.
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    183. Heard K. Improving patient outcomes in a dialysis unit: an integrated approach to CQI. J Nurs Care Qual. 1994 Oct; 9(1):44-50. PMID: 7994070.
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