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Robert MacLaren

TitleProfessor
InstitutionUniversity of Colorado Denver - Anschutz Medical Campus
DepartmentSOP-DOCP General Operations
Phone303/724-2622

    Collapse Bibliographic 
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    Publications listed below are automatically derived from MEDLINE/PubMed and other sources, which might result in incorrect or missing publications. Faculty can login to make corrections and additions.
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    1. MacLaren R, Dionne JC, Granholm A, Alhazzani W, Szumita PM, Olsen K, Barletta JF, Hylander M?ller M, Karvellas CJ, Paul W, Ashley D, Victor C, Argetsinger D, Carothers JJ, Lee R, Napolitano L, Perri D, Naylor DF. Executive Summary-Society of Critical Care Medicine Guideline and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists for the Prevention of Stress-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Critically Ill Adults: Erratum. Crit Care Med. 2025 06 01; 53(6):e1350. PMID: 40272225.
      View in: PubMed
    2. MacLaren R. Advancing Climate Care in Health Care: Pharmacy's Green Light. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2025; 78(1):e3751. PMID: 40078499.
      View in: PubMed
    3. MacLaren R. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2025; 78(1):e3786. PMID: 40078492.
      View in: PubMed
    4. Buckley MS, Smith SE, Birriel B, Radosevich JJ, Dzierba AL, Roberts RJ, Barletta JF, Gershengorn HB, Sikora A, Peterson LK, Bodkin R, Kaufman D, Ardiles T, Uppalapu S, Tompeck AJ, Dabrowski P, Close L, Brewer H, Jontz A, Downs B, Cox LA, Alexander SA, Harrison K, MacLaren R. ICU Patient-to-Pharmacist Ratios: A Prospective, Multicenter Time-Motion Study. Crit Care Med. 2025 Feb 26. PMID: 40009037.
      View in: PubMed
    5. Murphy DJ, Anderson W, Heavner SH, Al-Hakim T, Cruz-Cano R, Laudanski K, Kamaleswaran R, Badawi O, Engel H, Grunwell J, Herasevich V, Khanna AK, Lamb K, MacLaren R, Rincon T, Sanchez-Pinto L, Sikora AN, Stevens RD, Tanner D, Teeter W, Wong AI, Wynn JL, Zhang XT, Zimmerman JJ, Kumar V, Cobb JP, Reuter-Rice KE. Development of a Core Critical Care Data Dictionary With Common Data Elements to Characterize Critical Illness and Injuries Using a Modified Delphi Method. Crit Care Med. 2025 May 01; 53(5):e1045-e1054. PMID: 39982128.
      View in: PubMed
    6. MacLaren R. Under Press(or): Press on With Early Administration of Vasopressors. Chest. 2024 Dec; 166(6):1269-1270. PMID: 39663024.
      View in: PubMed
    7. Borchert GA, Kiire CA, Stone NM, Akil H, Gkika T, Fischer MD, Xue K, Cehajic-Kapetanovic J, MacLaren RE, Charbel Issa P, Downes SM, De Silva SR. Real-world six-month outcomes in patients switched to faricimab following partial response to anti-VEGF therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular oedema. Eye (Lond). 2024 Dec; 38(18):3569-3577. PMID: 39394370.
      View in: PubMed
    8. MacLaren R, Kiser TH. Bridging the gap: Advocating for the advancement of critical care pharmacists and critical care pharmacy practice. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2024 Sep 09; 81(18):876-883. PMID: 38829784.
      View in: PubMed
    9. Farrar JE, Stefanos SS, Cava L, Kiser TH, Mueller SW, Neumann R, Reynolds PM, Sherman DS, MacLaren R. Correlation Between Serum and CSF Concentrations of Midazolam and 1-Hydroxy-Midazolam in Critically Ill Neurosurgical Patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2025 Mar; 59(3):244-249. PMID: 39164827.
      View in: PubMed
    10. MacLaren R, Dionne JC, Granholm A, Alhazzani W, Szumita PM, Olsen K, Barletta JF, M?ller MH, Karvellas CJ, Wischmeyer P, DePriest A, Carlos V, Argetsinger D, Carothers JJ, Lee R, Napolitano L, Perri D, Naylor DF. Executive Summary-Society of Critical Care Medicine Guideline and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists for the Prevention of Stress-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Critically Ill Adults. Crit Care Med. 2024 Aug 01; 52(8):1295-1299. PMID: 39007570.
      View in: PubMed
    11. MacLaren R, Dionne JC, Granholm A, Alhazzani W, Szumita PM, Olsen K, Barletta JF, M?ller MH, Karvellas CJ, Wischmeyer P, DePriest A, Carlos V, Argetsinger D, Carothers JJ, Lee R, Napolitano L, Perri D, Naylor DF. Society of Critical Care Medicine and American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Guideline for the Prevention of Stress-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Critically Ill Adults. Crit Care Med. 2024 Aug 01; 52(8):e421-e430. PMID: 39007578.
      View in: PubMed
    12. Reynolds PM, Wells L, Powell M, MacLaren R. Associated Mortality Risk of Proton Pump Inhibitor Therapy for the Prevention of Stress Ulceration in Intensive Care Unit Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2023 07 01; 57(6):586-594. PMID: 35648972.
      View in: PubMed
    13. Buckley MS, Benanti GE, Gilbert B, Meckel J, Dzierba AL, MacLaren R. Correlation between heparin anti-Xa activity and thromboelastography in adult critically ill COVID-19 patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2023 08; 43(8):795-803. PMID: 37199139.
      View in: PubMed
    14. Maclaren R, Torian S, Kiser T, Mueller S, Reynolds P. Therapeutic Hypothermia Following Cardiopulmonary Arrest: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis with Trial Sequential Analysis. J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures). 2023 Apr; 9(2):64-72. PMID: 37593253.
      View in: PubMed
    15. Stefanos SS, Kiser TH, MacLaren R, Mueller SW, Reynolds PM. Management of noncytotoxic extravasation injuries: A focused update on medications, treatment strategies, and peripheral administration of vasopressors and hypertonic saline. Pharmacotherapy. 2023 04; 43(4):321-337. PMID: 36938775.
      View in: PubMed
    16. Buckley MS, Benanti GE, Meckel J, Tekle LA, Gilbert B, Puebla Neira D, McNierney DA, Korkames G, Yerondopoulos M, Park A, O'Hea JA, MacLaren R. Correlation between partial thromboplastin time and thromboelastography in adult critically ill patients requiring bivalirudin for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Pharmacotherapy. 2023 03; 43(3):196-204. PMID: 36759323.
      View in: PubMed
    17. Buckley MS, Mendez A, Radosevich JJ, Agarwal SK, MacLaren R. Comparison of 2 different inhaled epoprostenol dosing strategies for acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill adults: Weight-based vs fixed-dose administration. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2023 02 21; 80(Suppl 1):S11-S22. PMID: 35877207.
      View in: PubMed
    18. MacLaren R. Considerations when administering medications enterally in the critically ill. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2023 05 01; 26(3):302-306. PMID: 36942898.
      View in: PubMed
    19. Reynolds PM, Stefanos S, MacLaren R. Restrictive resuscitation in patients with sepsis and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2023 02; 43(2):104-114. PMID: 36625778.
      View in: PubMed
    20. Buckley MS, Kobic E, Yerondopoulos M, Sharif AS, Benanti GE, Meckel J, Puebla Neira D, Boettcher SR, Khan AA, McNierney DA, MacLaren R. Comparison of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Nasal Screening Predictive Value in the Intensive Care Unit and General Ward. Ann Pharmacother. 2023 09; 57(9):1036-1043. PMID: 36575978.
      View in: PubMed
    21. MacLaren R. Resolving Medication Reconciliation. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2022; 75(3):155-156. PMID: 35847465.
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    22. MacLaren R. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2022; 75(3):157-158. PMID: 35847471.
      View in: PubMed
    23. Bradley M, Kiser TH, Mueller SW, Reynolds PM, MacLaren R. Correlation Between and Nursing Satisfaction With CIWA-Ar, mMINDS, and SEWS Scoring Tools for the Assessment of Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in ICU Patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2023 02; 57(2):175-183. PMID: 35713011.
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    24. Murata J, Buckley M, Lehn J, Agarwal SK, Stevenson B, Martinez B, MacLaren R. Incidence of Hypotension Associated With Two Different Vasopressin Discontinuation Strategies in the Recovery Phase of Septic Shock. J Pharm Pract. 2023 Aug; 36(4):830-838. PMID: 35331049.
      View in: PubMed
    25. Boyd C, Hassig T, MacLaren R. A pragmatic assessment of proton pump inhibitors vs. histamine type 2 receptor antagonists on clinically important gastrointestinal bleeding and mortality when used for stress ulcer prophylaxis in the ICU. Pharmacotherapy. 2021 10; 41(10):820-827. PMID: 34478588.
      View in: PubMed
    26. Bradley M, Bull T, Hountras P, MacLaren R. Pragmatic Use of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis in Venous Thromboembolism and a Comparative Evaluation With Traditional Therapies in Submassive Pulmonary Embolism. J Pharm Pract. 2022 Oct; 35(5):738-746. PMID: 33823705.
      View in: PubMed
    27. MacLaren R, Francisco J, Fetters M, Brady J, Kim C, Welker C. Oseltamivir-Associated Bradycardia in Critically Ill Patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2021 11; 55(11):1318-1325. PMID: 33615828.
      View in: PubMed
    28. MacLaren R, Roberts RJ, Dzierba AL, Buckley M, Lat I, Lam SW. Characterizing Critical Care Pharmacy Services Across the United States. Crit Care Explor. 2021 Jan; 3(1):e0323. PMID: 33458690.
      View in: PubMed
    29. Stevens VM, Trujillo TC, Kiser TH, MacLaren R, Reynolds PM, Mueller SW. Retrospective Comparison of Andexanet Alfa and 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex for Reversal of Factor Xa-Inhibitor Related Bleeding. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2021 Jan-Dec; 27:10760296211039020. PMID: 34541920.
      View in: PubMed
    30. Curry B, Mueller S, MacLaren R. The Use of Prothrombin Complex Concentrates: Results of a Nationwide Survey of Critical Care Pharmacists. J Pharm Pract. 2022 Apr; 35(2):197-204. PMID: 35484869.
      View in: PubMed
    31. Lat I, Paciullo C, Daley MJ, MacLaren R, Bolesta S, McCann J, Stollings JL, Gross K, Foos SA, Roberts RJ, Acquisto NM, Taylor S, Bentley M, Jacobi J, Meyer TA. Position Paper on Critical Care Pharmacy Services (Executive Summary): 2020 Update. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2020 09 18; 77(19):1619-1624. PMID: 32814962.
      View in: PubMed
    32. Lat I, Paciullo C, Daley MJ, MacLaren R, Bolesta S, McCann J, Stollings JL, Gross K, Foos SA, Roberts RJ, Acquisto NM, Taylor S, Bentley M, Jacobi J, Meyer TA. Position Paper on Critical Care Pharmacy Services (Executive Summary): 2020 Update. Crit Care Med. 2020 09; 48(9):1375-1382. PMID: 32826489.
      View in: PubMed
    33. Lat I, Paciullo C, Daley MJ, MacLaren R, Bolesta S, McCann J, Stollings JL, Gross K, Foos SA, Roberts RJ, Acquisto NM, Taylor S, Bentley M, Jacobi J, Meyer TA. Position Paper on Critical Care Pharmacy Services: 2020 Update. Crit Care Med. 2020 09; 48(9):e813-e834. PMID: 32826496.
      View in: PubMed
    34. Orlans HO, Barnard AR, Patr?cio MI, McClements ME, MacLaren RE. Effect of AAV-Mediated Rhodopsin Gene Augmentation on Retinal Degeneration Caused by the Dominant P23H Rhodopsin Mutation in a Knock-In Murine Model. Hum Gene Ther. 2020 07; 31(13-14):730-742. PMID: 32394751.
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    35. van Rijssen TJ, van Dijk EHC, Scholz P, Breukink MB, Dijkman G, Peters PJH, Tsonaka R, MacLaren RE, Downes SM, Fauser S, Boon CJF, Hoyng CB. Crossover to Photodynamic Therapy or Micropulse Laser After Failure of Primary Treatment of Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: The REPLACE Trial. Am J Ophthalmol. 2020 08; 216:80-89. PMID: 32289294.
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    36. Buckley MS, Agarwal SK, Garcia-Orr R, Saggar R, MacLaren R. Comparison of Fixed-Dose Inhaled Epoprostenol and Inhaled Nitric Oxide for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Critically Ill Adults. J Intensive Care Med. 2021 Apr; 36(4):466-476. PMID: 32133901.
      View in: PubMed
    37. Reynolds PM, Wells L, MacLaren R, Scoular SK. Establishing the Therapeutic Index of Fluid Resuscitation in the Septic Patient: A Narrative Review and Meta-Analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2020 03; 40(3):256-269. PMID: 31970818.
      View in: PubMed
    38. Stevens VM, Mueller SW, Reynolds PM, MacLaren R, Kiser TH. Extrapolating Antifungal Animal Data to Humans - Is it reliable? Curr Fungal Infect Rep. 2020 Mar; 14(1):50-62. PMID: 32201545.
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    39. MacLaren R. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2019 Nov-Dec; 72(6):419-420. PMID: 31853141.
      View in: PubMed
    40. MacLaren R. Don't Stress about Ulcer Prophylaxis. Can J Hosp Pharm. 2019 Nov-Dec; 72(6):417-418. PMID: 31853140.
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    41. Jolly JK, Wagner SK, Martus P, MacLaren RE, Wilhelm B, Webster AR, Downes SM, Charbel Issa P, Kellner U, J?gle H, R?ther K, Bertelsen M, Bragad?ttir R, Prener Holtan J, van den Born LI, Sodi A, Virgili G, Gosheva M, Pach J, Z?ndorf I, Zrenner E, Gekeler F. Transcorneal Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Retinitis Pigmentosa: A Multicenter Safety Study of the OkuStim? System (TESOLA-Study). Ophthalmic Res. 2020; 63(3):234-243. PMID: 31775146.
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    42. Buckley MS, Agarwal SK, MacLaren R, Kane-Gill SL. Adverse Hemodynamic Events Associated With Concomitant Dexmedetomidine and Propofol for Sedation in Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients. J Intensive Care Med. 2020 Dec; 35(12):1536-1545. PMID: 31672073.
      View in: PubMed
    43. Granholm A, Zeng L, Dionne JC, Perner A, Marker S, Krag M, MacLaren R, Ye Z, M?ller MH, Alhazzani W. Predictors of gastrointestinal bleeding in adult ICU patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2019 10; 45(10):1347-1359. PMID: 31489445.
      View in: PubMed
    44. MacLaren R, Devlin JW. The Bedside Critical Care Pharmacist: A Mandatory ICU Team Member Essential for Patient Care. Crit Care Med. 2019 09; 47(9):1276-1278. PMID: 31415315.
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    45. Barletta JF, Buckley MS, MacLaren R. The SUP-ICU Trial: Does It Confirm or Condemn the Practice of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis? Hosp Pharm. 2020 Apr; 55(2):96-101. PMID: 32214442.
      View in: PubMed
    46. Jolly JK, Gray JM, Salvetti AP, Han RC, MacLaren RE. A Randomized Crossover Study to Assess the Usability of Two New Vision Tests in Patients with Low Vision. Optom Vis Sci. 2019 06; 96(6):443-452. PMID: 31058709.
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    47. Van Matre ET, Evans SL, Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Comparative evaluation of isavuconazonium sulfate, voriconazole, and posaconazole for the management of invasive fungal infections in an academic medical center. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2019 Mar 20; 18(1):13. PMID: 30894179.
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    48. MacLaren R, Brophy GM. Prevention Strategies to Improve Outcomes in Critically Ill Adults. Pharmacotherapy. 2019 03; 39(3):212-214. PMID: 30873663.
      View in: PubMed
    49. Stevens VM, Trujillo T, Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Reynolds PM, Kiser TH. Coagulation Factor Xa (Recombinant), Inactivated-Zhzo (Andexanet Alfa) Hemostatic Outcomes and Thrombotic Event Incidence at an Academic Medical Center. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2019 Jan-Dec; 25:1076029619896619. PMID: 31876159.
      View in: PubMed
    50. MacLaren R, Radcliffe RA, Van Matre ET, Robertson CE, Ir D, Frank DN. The Acute Influence of Acid Suppression with Esomeprazole on Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Brain Gene Expression Profiles in a Murine Model of Restraint Stress. Neuroscience. 2019 02 01; 398:206-217. PMID: 30557653.
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    51. Van Matre ET, Reynolds PM, MacLaren R, Mueller SW, Wright GC, Moss M, Burnham EL, Ho PM, Vandivier RW, Kiser TH. Evaluation of unfractionated heparin versus low-molecular-weight heparin and fondaparinux for pharmacologic venous thromboembolic prophylaxis in critically ill patients with cancer. J Thromb Haemost. 2018 12; 16(12):2492-2500. PMID: 30347498.
      View in: PubMed
    52. Reynolds PM, MacLaren R. Re-evaluating the Utility of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Critically Ill Patient: A Clinical Scenario-Based Meta-Analysis. Pharmacotherapy. 2019 03; 39(3):408-420. PMID: 30101529.
      View in: PubMed
    53. Kassel LE, Van Matre ET, Foster CJ, Fish DN, Mueller SW, Sherman DS, Wempe MF, MacLaren R, Neumann RT, Kiser TH. A Randomized Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of Every 8-Hour and 12-Hour Dosing Strategies of Vancomycin and Cefepime in Neurocritically ill Patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2018 09; 38(9):921-934. PMID: 29906310.
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    54. Baumgartner L, Townsend N, Winkelman K, MacLaren R. CE: Original Research: The Efficacy and Safety of an RN-Driven Ketamine Protocol for Adjunctive Analgesia During Burn Wound Care. Am J Nurs. 2018 Jul; 118(7):26-31. PMID: 29905575.
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    55. Mueller SW, Baumgartner LJ, MacLaren R, Neumann R, Wiktor AJ, Kiser TH, Lindberg G, Cava L, Fish DN, Janoff EN. Divergent humoral responses to 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in critically-ill burn and neurosurgical patients. PLoS One. 2018; 13(5):e0197037. PMID: 29758059.
      View in: PubMed
    56. Dyal S, MacLaren R. The Assessment and Management Practices of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal: Results of a Nationwide Survey of Critical Care Pharmacists. Hosp Pharm. 2019 Feb; 54(1):22-31. PMID: 30718931.
      View in: PubMed
    57. Parikh L, MacLaren R. The predictive performances of equations used to estimate unbound phenytoin concentrations in a medical ICU population and the impact of exogenous albumin administration. J Crit Care. 2018 04; 44:95-100. PMID: 29078132.
      View in: PubMed
    58. Yi WM, Schoeppler KE, Jaeger J, Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Voriconazole and posaconazole therapeutic drug monitoring: a retrospective study. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2017 Sep 11; 16(1):60. PMID: 28893246.
      View in: PubMed
    59. Buckley MS, MacLaren R. Concomitant vasopressin and hydrocortisone therapy on short-term hemodynamic effects and vasopressor requirements in refractory septic shock. J Crit Care. 2017 12; 42:6-11. PMID: 28647651.
      View in: PubMed
    60. Van Matre ET, Mueller SW, Fish DN, MacLaren R, Cava LF, Neumann RT, Kiser TH. Levetiracetam Pharmacokinetics in a Patient with Intracranial Hemorrhage Undergoing Continuous Veno-Venous Hemofiltration. Am J Case Rep. 2017 Apr 27; 18:458-462. PMID: 28446744.
      View in: PubMed
    61. Alquraini M, Alshamsi F, M?ller MH, Belley-Cote E, Almenawer S, Jaeschke R, MacLaren R, Alhazzani W. Sucralfate versus histamine 2 receptor antagonists for stress ulcer prophylaxis in adult critically ill patients: A meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized trials. J Crit Care. 2017 08; 40:21-30. PMID: 28315586.
      View in: PubMed
    62. MacLaren R. Measuring Gastric Emptying in the Critically Ill: More Than a Gut Feeling. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2017 09; 41(7):1087-1089. PMID: 28061316.
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    63. Kwon JO, MacLaren R. Comparison of Fresh-Frozen Plasma, Four-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrates, and Recombinant Factor VIIa to Facilitate Procedures in Critically Ill Patients with Coagulopathy from Liver Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Pharmacotherapy. 2016 10; 36(10):1047-1054. PMID: 27547916.
      View in: PubMed
    64. Beyer JT, Schoeppler KE, Zanotti G, Weiss GM, Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Antithrombin Administration During Intravenous Heparin Anticoagulation in the Intensive Care Unit: A Single-Center Matched Retrospective Cohort Study. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost. 2018 Jan; 24(1):145-150. PMID: 27624738.
      View in: PubMed
    65. Morris AA, Page RL, Baumgartner LJ, Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Thiocyanate Accumulation in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Nitroprusside Infusions. J Intensive Care Med. 2017 Oct; 32(9):547-553. PMID: 27435907.
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    66. Vander Weide LA, MacLaren R, Mueller SW. Authors' Response. J Intensive Care Med. 2016 Jun; 31(5):355-6. PMID: 27166085.
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    67. Breukink MB, Downes SM, Querques G, van Dijk EHC, den Hollander AI, Blanco-Garavito R, Keunen JEE, Souied EH, MacLaren RE, Hoyng CB, Fauser S, Boon CJF. Comparing half-dose photodynamic therapy with high-density subthreshold micropulse laser treatment in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (the PLACE trial): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2015 Sep 21; 16:419. PMID: 26390920.
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    68. Kiser TH, Fish DN, Aquilante CL, Rower JE, Wempe MF, MacLaren R, Teitelbaum I. Evaluation of sulfobutylether-?-cyclodextrin (SBECD) accumulation and voriconazole pharmacokinetics in critically ill patients undergoing continuous renal replacement therapy. Crit Care. 2015 Feb 03; 19:32. PMID: 25645660.
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    69. Roberts DM, Yates C, Megarbane B, Winchester JF, Maclaren R, Gosselin S, Nolin TD, Lavergne V, Hoffman RS, Ghannoum M. Recommendations for the role of extracorporeal treatments in the management of acute methanol poisoning: a systematic review and consensus statement. Crit Care Med. 2015 Feb; 43(2):461-72. PMID: 25493973.
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    70. Reynolds PM, Mueller SW, MacLaren R. A comparison of dexmedetomidine and placebo on the plasma concentrations of NGF, BDNF, GDNF, and epinephrine during severe alcohol withdrawal. Alcohol. 2015 Feb; 49(1):15-9. PMID: 25638740.
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    71. MacLaren R, Kassel LE, Kiser TH, Fish DN. Proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists in the intensive care setting: focus on therapeutic and adverse events. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2015 Feb; 14(2):269-80. PMID: 25423448.
      View in: PubMed
    72. VanderWeide LA, Foster CJ, MacLaren R, Kiser TH, Fish DN, Mueller SW. Evaluation of Early Dexmedetomidine Addition to the Standard of Care for Severe Alcohol Withdrawal in the ICU: A Retrospective Controlled Cohort Study. J Intensive Care Med. 2016 Mar; 31(3):198-204. PMID: 25326428.
      View in: PubMed
    73. Preslaski CR, Mueller SW, Kiser TH, Fish DN, MacLaren R. A survey of prescriber perceptions about the prevention of stress-related mucosal bleeding in the intensive care unit. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2014 Dec; 39(6):658-62. PMID: 25243327.
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    74. MacLaren R, Campbell J. The authors reply. Crit Care Med. 2014 Sep; 42(9):e637-8. PMID: 25126823.
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    75. Rojas J, Fernandez I, Pastor JC, MacLaren RE, Ramkissoon Y, Harsum S, Charteris DG, Van Meurs JC, Amarakoon S, Garcia-Arumi J, Ruiz-Moreno JM, Rocha-Sousa A, Brion M, Carracedo A. Predicting proliferative vitreoretinopathy: temporal and external validation of models based on genetic and clinical variables. Br J Ophthalmol. 2015 Jan; 99(1):41-8. PMID: 25075124.
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    76. Barletta JF, Kanji S, MacLaren R, Lat I, Erstad BL. Pharmacoepidemiology of stress ulcer prophylaxis in the United States and Canada. J Crit Care. 2014 Dec; 29(6):955-60. PMID: 25081626.
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    77. Mueller SW, Preslaski CR, Kiser TH, Fish DN, Lavelle JC, Malkoski SP, MacLaren R. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose range study of dexmedetomidine as adjunctive therapy for alcohol withdrawal. Crit Care Med. 2014 May; 42(5):1131-9. PMID: 24351375.
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    78. MacLaren R, Campbell J. Cost-effectiveness of histamine receptor-2 antagonist versus proton pump inhibitor for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients*. Crit Care Med. 2014 Apr; 42(4):809-15. PMID: 24365863.
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    79. MacLaren R, Reynolds PM, Allen RR. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists vs proton pump inhibitors on gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage and infectious complications in the intensive care unit. JAMA Intern Med. 2014 Apr; 174(4):564-74. PMID: 24535015.
      View in: PubMed
    80. Reynolds PM, MacLaren R, Mueller SW, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Management of extravasation injuries: a focused evaluation of noncytotoxic medications. Pharmacotherapy. 2014 Jun; 34(6):617-32. PMID: 24420913.
      View in: PubMed
    81. MacLaren R, Preslaski CR, Mueller SW, Kiser TH, Fish DN, Lavelle JC, Malkoski SP. A randomized, double-blind pilot study of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam for intensive care unit sedation: patient recall of their experiences and short-term psychological outcomes. J Intensive Care Med. 2015 Mar; 30(3):167-75. PMID: 24227448.
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    82. MacLaren R, Gallagher J, Shin J, Varnado S, Nguyen L. Assessment of adverse events and predictors of neurological recovery after therapeutic hypothermia. Ann Pharmacother. 2014 Jan; 48(1):17-25. PMID: 24259643.
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    83. Preslaski CR, Lat I, MacLaren R, Poston J. Pharmacist contributions as members of the multidisciplinary ICU team. Chest. 2013 Nov; 144(5):1687-1695. PMID: 24189862.
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    84. Preslaski CR, Mueller SW, Wempe MF, MacLaren R. Stability of dexmedetomidine in polyvinyl chloride bags containing 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2013 Aug 01; 70(15):1336-41. PMID: 23867490.
      View in: PubMed
    85. MacLaren R, Brett McQueen R, Campbell J. Clinical and financial impact of pharmacy services in the intensive care unit: pharmacist and prescriber perceptions. Pharmacotherapy. 2013 Apr; 33(4):401-10. PMID: 23468188.
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    86. MacLaren R, Krisl JC, Cochrane RE, Mueller SW. A case-based approach to the practical application of dexmedetomidine in critically ill adults. Pharmacotherapy. 2013 Feb; 33(2):165-86. PMID: 23386596.
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    87. Day AC, MacLaren RE, Bunce C, Stevens JD, Foster PJ. Outcomes of phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in microphthalmos and nanophthalmos. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2013 Jan; 39(1):87-96. PMID: 23245362.
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    88. Crona D, MacLaren R. Gastrointestinal hormone concentrations associated with gastric feeding in critically ill patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2012 Mar; 36(2):189-96. PMID: 21799189.
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    89. Poston S, Broder MS, Gibbons MM, Maclaren R, Chang E, Vandepol CJ, Cook SF, Techner L. Impact of alvimopan (entereg) on hospital costs after bowel resection: results from a large inpatient database. P T. 2011 Apr; 36(4):209-20. PMID: 21572777.
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    90. Mueller SW, Winn R, Macht M, Fish DN, Kiser TH, MacLaren R. Neuromuscular blockade resistance during therapeutic hypothermia. Ann Pharmacother. 2011 Mar; 45(3):e15. PMID: 21386017.
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    91. Kiser TH, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Hassell KL, Teitelbaum I. Bivalirudin versus unfractionated heparin for prevention of hemofilter occlusion during continuous renal replacement therapy. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Nov; 30(11):1117-26. PMID: 20973685.
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    92. Ogungbenro K, Vasist L, Maclaren R, Dukes G, Young M, Aarons L. A semi-mechanistic gastric emptying model for the population pharmacokinetic analysis of orally administered acetaminophen in critically ill patients. Pharm Res. 2011 Feb; 28(2):394-404. PMID: 20949310.
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    93. Dasta JF, Boucher BA, Brophy GM, Cohen H, Hassan E, Maclaren R, Muzykovsky K, Martin SJ, Pass SE, Seybert AL. Intravenous to oral conversion of antihypertensives: a toolkit for guideline development. Ann Pharmacother. 2010 Sep; 44(9):1430-47. PMID: 20702758.
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    94. Kiser TH, Obritsch MD, Jung R, MacLaren R, Fish DN. Efflux pump contribution to multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Jul; 30(7):632-8. PMID: 20575627.
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    95. Yin H, Cheng L, Holt M, Hail N, Maclaren R, Ju C. Lactoferrin protects against acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Hepatology. 2010 Mar; 51(3):1007-16. PMID: 20099297.
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    96. Owen PS, Tan EC, Kiser TH, Fish DN, MacLaren R. Reliability and accuracy of practitioner-calculated Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores for determining the appropriateness of drotrecogin alfa (activated). Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2010 Jan 15; 67(2):136-43. PMID: 20065268.
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    97. Kraft M, Maclaren R, Du W, Owens G. Alvimopan (entereg) for the management of postoperative ileus in patients undergoing bowel resection. P T. 2010 Jan; 35(1):44-9. PMID: 20182561.
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    98. Horinek EL, Kiser TH, Fish DN, MacLaren R. Propylene glycol accumulation in critically ill patients receiving continuous intravenous lorazepam infusions. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Dec; 43(12):1964-71. PMID: 19920159.
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    99. Maclaren R. Unanswered questions of "ProCon"etic therapy. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2009 Nov-Dec; 33(6):724-5. PMID: 19892908.
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    100. Moore GD, Walker AM, MacLaren R. Fospropofol: a new sedative-hypnotic agent for monitored anesthesia care. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Nov; 43(11):1802-8. PMID: 19826098.
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    101. MacLaren R. Immunosedation: a consideration for sepsis. Crit Care. 2009; 13(5):191. PMID: 19889196.
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    102. Kiser TH, Maclaren R, Fish DN. Treatment of hepatorenal syndrome. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Oct; 29(10):1196-211. PMID: 19792993.
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    103. Mueller SW, MacLaren R, Fish DN, Kiser TH. Prefilter bivalirudin for preventing hemofilter occlusion in continuous renal replacement therapy. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Jul; 43(7):1360-5. PMID: 19584380.
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    104. MacLaren R, Bond CA. Effects of pharmacist participation in intensive care units on clinical and economic outcomes of critically ill patients with thromboembolic or infarction-related events. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Jul; 29(7):761-8. PMID: 19558249.
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    105. MacLaren R, Bond CA, Martin SJ, Fike D. Clinical and economic outcomes of involving pharmacists in the direct care of critically ill patients with infections. Crit Care Med. 2008 Dec; 36(12):3184-9. PMID: 18936700.
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    106. MacLaren R, Kiser TH, Fish DN, Wischmeyer PE. Erythromycin vs metoclopramide for facilitating gastric emptying and tolerance to intragastric nutrition in critically ill patients. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2008 Jul-Aug; 32(4):412-9. PMID: 18596312.
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    107. Owen PS, Golightly LK, MacLaren R, Ferretti KA, Badesch DB. Formulary management of recombinant factor VIIa at an academic medical center. Ann Pharmacother. 2008 Jun; 42(6):771-6. PMID: 18477731.
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    108. Landzinski J, Kiser TH, Fish DN, Wischmeyer PE, MacLaren R. Gastric motility function in critically ill patients tolerant vs intolerant to gastric nutrition. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr. 2008 Jan-Feb; 32(1):45-50. PMID: 18165446.
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    109. MacLaren R. Key concepts in the management of difficult hemorrhagic cases. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Sep; 27(9 Pt 2):93S-102S. PMID: 17723112.
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    110. Owen P, Monahan MF, MacLaren R. Implementing and assessing an evidence-based electrolyte dosing order form in the medical ICU. Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2008 Feb; 24(1):8-19. PMID: 17686630.
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    111. MacLaren R, Stringer KA. Emerging role of anticoagulants and fibrinolytics in the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Jun; 27(6):860-73. PMID: 17542769.
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    112. MacLaren R, Forrest LK, Kiser TH. Adjunctive dexmedetomidine therapy in the intensive care unit: a retrospective assessment of impact on sedative and analgesic requirements, levels of sedation and analgesia, and ventilatory and hemodynamic parameters. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Mar; 27(3):351-9. PMID: 17316147.
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    113. Juang P, Fish DN, Jung R, MacLaren R. Enteral glutamine supplementation in critically ill patients with burn injuries: a retrospective case-control evaluation. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Jan; 27(1):11-9. PMID: 17192157.
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    114. Maclaren R. Factor VIIa: mounting evidence or anecdotal reports. J Postgrad Med. 2007 Jan-Mar; 53(1):4-5. PMID: 17244960.
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    115. MacLaren R, Kiser TH, Jung R, Fish DN. Formulary Substitution of Proton Pump Inhibitors Based on Acquisition Price: Changes in Usage and Costs of Acid-Suppressant Therapies. P T. 2006 Dec; 31(12):716-734. PMID: 34522075.
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    116. MacLaren R, Sullivan PW. Economic evaluation of sustained sedation/analgesia in the intensive care unit. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2006 Oct; 7(15):2047-68. PMID: 17020432.
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    117. Maclaren R, Devlin JW, Martin SJ, Dasta JF, Rudis MI, Bond CA. Critical care pharmacy services in United States hospitals. Ann Pharmacother. 2006 Apr; 40(4):612-8. PMID: 16569803.
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    118. Kiser TH, Jung R, MacLaren R, Fish DN. Evaluation of diagnostic tests and argatroban or lepirudin therapy in patients with suspected heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Dec; 25(12):1736-45. PMID: 16305293.
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    119. Obritsch MD, Fish DN, MacLaren R, Jung R. Nosocomial infections due to multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: epidemiology and treatment options. Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Oct; 25(10):1353-64. PMID: 16185180.
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    120. MacLaren R, Sullivan PW. Pharmacoeconomic modeling of lorazepam, midazolam, and propofol for continuous sedation in critically ill patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2005 Oct; 25(10):1319-28. PMID: 16185175.
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    121. MacLaren R, Weber LA, Brake H, Gardner MA, Tanzi M. A multicenter assessment of recombinant factor VIIa off-label usage: clinical experiences and associated outcomes. Transfusion. 2005 Sep; 45(9):1434-42. PMID: 16131375.
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    122. Kiser TH, Fish DN, Obritsch MD, Jung R, MacLaren R, Parikh CR. Vasopressin, not octreotide, may be beneficial in the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome: a retrospective study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2005 Sep; 20(9):1813-20. PMID: 15956066.
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    123. MacLaren R, Sullivan PW. Cost-effectiveness of recombinant human erythropoietin for reducing red blood cells transfusions in critically ill patients. Value Health. 2005 Mar-Apr; 8(2):105-16. PMID: 15804319.
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    124. Obritsch MD, Fish DN, MacLaren R, Jung R. National surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates obtained from intensive care unit patients from 1993 to 2002. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Dec; 48(12):4606-10. PMID: 15561832.
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    125. Obritsch MD, Bestul DJ, Jung R, Fish DN, MacLaren R. The role of vasopressin in vasodilatory septic shock. Pharmacotherapy. 2004 Aug; 24(8):1050-63. PMID: 15338853.
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    126. Obritsch MD, Jung R, Fish DN, MacLaren R. Effects of continuous vasopressin infusion in patients with septic shock. Ann Pharmacother. 2004 Jul-Aug; 38(7-8):1117-22. PMID: 15178740.
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    127. MacLaren R, Gasper J, Jung R, Vandivier RW. Use of exogenous erythropoietin in critically ill patients. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2004 Jun; 29(3):195-208. PMID: 15153081.
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    128. Jung R, Fish DN, Obritsch MD, MacLaren R. Surveillance of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in an urban tertiary-care teaching hospital. J Hosp Infect. 2004 Jun; 57(2):105-11. PMID: 15183239.
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    129. Dugan HA, MacLaren R, Jung R. Duration of antimicrobial therapy for nosocomial pneumonia: possible strategies for minimizing antimicrobial use in intensive care units. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2003 Apr; 28(2):123-9. PMID: 12713609.
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    130. Jung R, MacLaren R. Proton-pump inhibitors for stress ulcer prophylaxis in critically ill patients. Ann Pharmacother. 2002 Dec; 36(12):1929-37. PMID: 12452757.
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    131. MacLaren R, Jung R. Stress-dose corticosteroid therapy for sepsis and acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill adults. Pharmacotherapy. 2002 Sep; 22(9):1140-56. PMID: 12222550.
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    132. MacLaren R, Jarvis CL, Fish DN. Use of enteral nutrition for stress ulcer prophylaxis. Ann Pharmacother. 2001 Dec; 35(12):1614-23. PMID: 11793631.
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    133. Lugo RA, MacLaren R, Cash J, Pribble CG, Vernon DD. Enteral methadone to expedite fentanyl discontinuation and prevent opioid abstinence syndrome in the PICU. Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Dec; 21(12):1566-73. PMID: 11765307.
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    134. MacLaren R, Patrick WD, Hall RI, Rocker GM, Whelan GJ, Lima JJ. Comparison of cisapride and metoclopramide for facilitating gastric emptying and improving tolerance to intragastric enteral nutrition in critically III, mechanically ventilated adults. Clin Ther. 2001 Nov; 23(11):1855-66. PMID: 11768837.
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    135. MacLaren R, Wilson SJ, Campbell A, Anderson D, Rocker G. Evaluation and survey of intravenous vitamin K1 for treatment of coagulopathy in critically ill patients. Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Feb; 21(2):175-82. PMID: 11213854.
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    136. MacLaren R. Intolerance to intragastric enteral nutrition in critically ill patients: complications and management. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Dec; 20(12):1486-98. PMID: 11130221.
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    137. MacLaren R, Plamondon JM, Ramsay KB, Rocker GM, Patrick WD, Hall RI. A prospective evaluation of empiric versus protocol-based sedation and analgesia. Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jun; 20(6):662-72. PMID: 10853622.
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    138. MacLaren R, Kuhl DA, Gervasio JM, Brown RO, Dickerson RN, Livingston TN, Swift K, Headley S, Kudsk KA, Lima JJ. Sequential single doses of cisapride, erythromycin, and metoclopramide in critically ill patients intolerant to enteral nutrition: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study. Crit Care Med. 2000 Feb; 28(2):438-44. PMID: 10708180.
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    139. MacLaren R, Shields CA. Respiratory failure following oral administration of metoclopramide. Ann Pharmacother. 1998 Oct; 32(10):1017-20. PMID: 9793592.
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    140. MacLaren R, Wachsman BA, Swift DK, Kuhl DA. Warfarin resistance associated with intravenous lipid administration: discussion of propofol and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 1997 Nov-Dec; 17(6):1331-7. PMID: 9399621.
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